According to written histories, trepang fishers from Island Southeast Asia (“Makassans”) frequented coastal northern Australia from c.1750 to 1907 CE. Yolŋu oral traditions and old Austronesian borrow words in coastal Aboriginal languages suggest a long and complex history of foreign voyaging to northern Australia. Yet archaeological radiocarbon chronologies for the Southeast Asian trepang industry and earlier voyaging encounters are few and the dates have never been comprehensively reviewed. Only one Arnhem Land trepang fishery site has been dated extensively, and others have produced unusually old dates of c.1200–1500 CE. The Groote Eylandt rockshelter of Dadirrigka yielded an enigmatic sherd of friable earthenware above a radiocarbon date of c.1100 CE. Here we have compiled, reviewed and recalibrated all 49 radiocarbon dates directly associated with Southeast Asian contact sites, stratigraphy and rock art in northern Australia. We discuss the dates and their archaeological contexts region by region to assess their reliability. We also report for the first time Yanyuwa (southwest Gulf of Carpentaria) oral traditions which shed light on their past kinship and exchange relationships with Makassan visitors. The radiocarbon dates provide tentative support for four phases of interaction in northwest Arnhem Land and Groote Eylandt, including pre-Makassan encounters and the organised trepang industry of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. There is a paucity of archaeological excavations and radiocarbon data from northeast Arnhem Land, the Kimberley and the southwest Gulf of Carpentaria, where historical writings, linguistics and oral traditions are still the most reliable indicators of the timing and nature of cross-cultural interaction.

中文翻译：

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重新评估东南亚岛屿前往澳大利亚原住民的区域年表

根据书面历史记载，大约公元 1750 年至 1907 年，来自东南亚岛屿（“Makassans”）的海参渔民经常光顾澳大利亚北部沿海地区。Yolŋu 的口头传统和古老的南岛语借用沿海原住民语言中的词汇表明，外国航行到澳大利亚北部有着悠久而复杂的历史。然而，关于东南亚海参产业和早期航行遭遇的考古放射性碳年表很少，而且这些日期从未得到全面审查。只有阿纳姆地的一处海参渔场已被广泛测年，其他地方则出产了大约公元 1200 年至 1500 年的异常古老的年代。达迪里卡 (Dadirrigka) 的格鲁特岛 (Groote Eylandt) 岩石庇护所出土了一块神秘的易碎陶器碎片，放射性碳测年日期为公元 1100 年左右。这里我们整理了，审查并重新校准了与澳大利亚北部东南亚接触点、地层学和岩石艺术直接相关的所有 49 个放射性碳测年数据。我们逐地区讨论这些日期及其考古背景，以评估其可靠性。我们还首次报道了 Yanyuwa（卡奔塔利亚湾西南部）的口头传统，这些传统揭示了他们过去的亲属关系以及与望加锡游客的交流关系。放射性碳测年结果为西北阿纳姆地和格鲁特岛的四个相互作用阶段提供了初步支持，包括望加锡之前的接触和十八世纪和十九世纪有组织的海参产业。来自阿纳姆地东北部、金伯利和卡奔塔利亚湾西南部的考古发掘和放射性碳数据很少，这些地方的历史著作，