Abstract

The effect of dynamic surface tension on capillary oscillations of a droplet is studied in the theoretical asymptotic calculations of the first order of smallness with respect to the dimensionless amplitude of oscillations of charged droplets of a polar liquid. The calculations are carried out within the framework of a model of an ideal incompressible electrically conducting liquid. It has been shown that allowance for the effect of dynamic surface tension increases the order of the dispersion equation, which acquires one more damping root relevant to the destruction of the near-surface electrical double layer (disordering of molecules in the near-surface layer). What is interesting about the revealed damping is that it takes place in an ideal liquid, while the characteristic damping time coincides with that measured experimentally. Free energy transformations occur between mechanical, thermal, electromagnetic, and mechanical again forms of energy, with all of the transformations being caused by the effect of the dynamic surface tension. It has been shown that the dynamic surface tension has a weak effect on the low-frequency oscillations of the droplets, while it essentially affects the high-frequency oscillations causing their rapid damping.

中文翻译：

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动态表面张力存在下液体表面毛细波能量转换的一些特征

摘要

在极性液体带电液滴振荡的无量纲振幅的一阶微小理论渐近计算中，研究了动态表面张力对液滴毛细管振荡的影响。计算是在理想不可压缩导电液体模型的框架内进行的。研究表明，考虑动态表面张力的影响会增加色散方程的阶数，从而获得与近表面双电层破坏（近表面层分子无序）相关的又一个阻尼根。所揭示的阻尼的有趣之处在于它发生在理想液体中，而特征阻尼时间与实验测量的一致。自由能转换发生在机械、热、电磁和机械能量形式之间，所有转换都是由动态表面张力的作用引起的。研究表明，动态表面张力对液滴的低频振荡影响较弱，但对高频振荡有显着影响，导致液滴快速阻尼。