Purpose

This study focuses to develop a common humanitarian supply chain process model (HSCPM) that enables effective enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems for NGOs, and the study also investigates the role of modularity as a dynamic capability that supports creating such model.

Design/methodology/approach

A multifocus group study was performed as part of a larger project, the Frontline Humanitarian Logistics Initiative, aiming to establish a common data model that would serve as the backbone of humanitarian ERP systems. Fourteen international humanitarian organizations (IHOs) participated in the process, reaching a consensus on the structure of the process model.

Findings

An HSCPM was proposed based on the consensus reached across IHOs. Four degrees of customization differentiating between “generic,” “tailored,” “specific,” and “unique” processes are presented and discussed.

Research limitations/implications

The findings show modularity applied to process as a mean to create dynamic efficiencies and position the modular process model within the dynamic capabilities framework, supporting supply chain responsiveness and expanding the literature on supply chain management (SCM), dynamic capabilities, and humanitarian logistics.

Practical implications

This research proposes a consensus-based data model, facilitating the advancement of ERP systems in the humanitarian context and lays a foundation for interoperability among ERP systems across diverse IHOs.

Originality/value

First attempt to elucidate the specific characteristics and unique processes defining an HSCPM, this study reached an unprecedented consensus for the humanitarian sector, setting the base toward an industry standard.

中文翻译：

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建立共同的人道主义供应链流程模型：前线人道主义物流计划

目的

本研究的重点是开发一个通用的人道主义供应链流程模型 (HSCPM)，为非政府组织提供有效的企业资源规划 (ERP) 系统，并且该研究还调查了模块化作为支持创建此类模型的动态能力的作用。

设计/方法论/途径

一项多焦点小组研究是作为更大项目“前线人道主义后勤计划”的一部分进行的，旨在建立一个通用数据模型，作为人道主义 ERP 系统的支柱。十四个国际人道主义组织（IHO）参与了该过程，并就该过程模型的结构达成了共识。

发现

HSCPM 是根据 IHO 达成的共识提出的。提出并讨论了区分“通用”、“定制”、“特定”和“独特”流程的四种定制程度。

研究局限性/影响

研究结果表明，模块化应用于流程是创造动态效率的一种手段，并将模块化流程模型定位在动态能力框架内，支持供应链响应能力并扩展了供应链管理（SCM）、动态能力和人道主义物流的文献。

实际影响

这项研究提出了一种基于共识的数据模型，促进了人道主义背景下 ERP 系统的进步，并为不同 IHO 的 ERP 系统之间的互操作性奠定了基础。

原创性/价值

这项研究首次尝试阐明定义 HSCPM 的具体特征和独特流程，为人道主义部门达成了前所未有的共识，为行业标准奠定了基础。