Transformational entrepreneurship (TE) has become a prevalent mind-set to survive societal, ecological and economic sustainability factors, particularly in emerging economies. Interestingly, different types of digital platforms (DPs) (i.e., transaction, innovation and integration) have assisted in this transformation. Although the implementation of DPs by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has been easing this transition process, several boundary conditions persist, and solutions are in demand. This research aims to investigate the main boundary conditions to DP execution by SMEs towards TE in emerging countries similar to Iran. Indisputably, this study contributes to providing in-depth qualitative and quantitative insights into level-based interactions between such barriers to TE diffusion among Iranian SMEs. In this regard, a mixed-method approach has been employed while extracting the list of DP boundary conditions via a systematic literature review. Then, in the quantitative section, a multi-layer decision-making approach consisting of Delphi, interpretive structural modelling (ISM), and matrix-based multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) has been applied to screen for the most important boundary conditions to TE, analyse the level-based interactions between the finalised boundary conditions and determine the importance and role of DP boundary conditions. To consider the uncertainty of the socioeconomic environment in emerging countries and to include the intuition and hesitation of the entrepreneurs in the analytical section, intuitionistic fuzzy sets were considered, and a novel IF-Delphi-ISM-MICMAC approach embedded with the multi-scenario analysis was performed. In either scenario, obstacles associated with extant laws and low governmental supportive policies, inconsistency between the technical requirements of the business network and DPs’ features, and low accessibility of digital technologies were the first-level boundary conditions.

变革型创业 (TE) 已成为一种在社会、生态和经济可持续因素中生存的普遍心态，特别是在新兴经济体。有趣的是，不同类型的数字平台（DP）（即交易、创新和集成））为这一转变提供了帮助。尽管中小型企业 (SME) 实施 DP 已经缓解了这一转型过程，但一些边界条件仍然存在，并且需要解决方案。本研究旨在调查类似伊朗的新兴国家中小企业对 TE 执行 DP 的主要边界条件。毫无疑问，这项研究有助于为伊朗中小企业中技术传播障碍之间基于水平的相互作用提供深入的定性和定量见解。在这方面，在通过系统文献综述提取DP边界条件列表时采用了混合方法。然后，在定量部分，采用由德尔菲、解释结构建模（ISM）组成的多层决策方法，应用基于矩阵的乘法分类（MICMAC）来筛选对 TE 最重要的边界条件，分析最终边界条件之间基于级别的相互作用，并确定 DP 边界条件的重要性和作用。为了考虑新兴国家社会经济环境的不确定性，并将企业家的直觉和犹豫纳入分析部分，考虑了直觉模糊集，并提出了一种嵌入多场景分析的新颖的IF-Delphi-ISM-MICMAC方法被执行。在这两种情况下，现有法律和政府支持政策的力度不够，商业网络的技术要求与DP的特征之间的不一致，