How might good work – skilled, autonomous work which affords workers opportunities for meaningful social cooperation in decent conditions – be made available to all? I evaluate five commonly advanced strategies: an unregulated labor market, egalitarian redistribution of resources, state regulation, collective bargaining, and workplace democracy. Each, I argue, has significant limitations. An unregulated labor market ignores workers' unduly weak bargaining power vis-à-vis employers. Egalitarian redistribution alone fails to solve this problem due to distinctive and endemic imperfections of labor markets. Direct state regulation is insufficiently context-sensitive and insufficiently dynamic in the face of technological and other developments. Collective bargaining gives workers only indirect and sometimes costly influence over their working conditions. And workplace democracy leaves workers vulnerable to collective action problems induced by competition between firms. I argue, however, that these strategies can be complemented in a promising way by ‘syndicalist economic democracy’: direct worker participation in the government of the economy, largely specific to particular occupations or economic sectors but above the level of the individual workplace.

中文翻译：

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让所有人都能享受到好的工作是很困难的

如何才能向所有人提供良好的工作——为工人提供在体面条件下进行有意义的社会合作的机会的熟练、自主的工作？我评估了五种常见的先进策略：不受监管的劳动力市场、平等的资源再分配、国家监管、集体谈判和工作场所民主。我认为，每一个都有很大的局限性。不受监管的劳动力市场忽视了工人相对于雇主而言过弱的议价能力。由于劳动力市场独特且普遍存在的缺陷，仅靠平均主义的再分配无法解决这个问题。面对技术和其他发展，国家直接监管对环境的敏感性不够，活力也不够。集体谈判只能对工人的工作条件产生间接的、有时甚至是代价高昂的影响。工作场所的民主使工人容易受到企业之间竞争引发的集体行动问题的影响。然而，我认为，这些策略可以通过“工团主义经济民主”以一种有前途的方式得到补充：工人直接参与经济管理，主要针对特定​​职业或经济部门，但高于个人工作场所的水平。