The article addresses the issue of wealth accumulation by peasant farmers in the post-emancipation era in the Russian Baltic province of Livonia. The Baltic emancipation schemes stand out as the least beneficial for peasants as they set neither time limits nor land price levels, and the state government did not provide any credit to the purchasers of farms. However, in northern Livonia the nominal value of peasant farmers’ wealth grew as much as tenfold from 1850 to 1913. The study reveals that the advantages and disadvantages of high farm purchase prices should be considered in combination with other factors affecting agricultural growth. In the Baltic context, the large size of the farms, land consolidation, well-developed infrastructure, and the commercialisation of production helped the farm owners amass a relatively large amount of wealth within a generation. Technological improvement also contributed to the rise in productivity and wealth.

中文翻译：

---

尽管解放条件不利，但仍然繁荣？1853 年至 1913 年沙皇俄罗斯利沃尼亚省农民的财富积累

本文讨论了俄罗斯波罗的海利沃尼亚省解放后时代农民的财富积累问题。波罗的海解放计划对农民来说是最不有利的，因为它们既没有设定时间限制，也没有设定土地价格水平，而且州政府没有向农场购买者提供任何信贷。然而，在利沃尼亚北部，从1850年到1913年，农民财富的名义价值增长了十倍之多。研究表明，高农产品收购价格的利弊应与影响农业增长的其他因素结合起来考虑。在波罗的海地区，农场规模庞大，土地整理，基础设施发达，生产的商品化使农场主在一代人的时间内积累了较多的财富。技术进步也促进了生产力和财富的增长。