COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the complications of secondary fungal infections that occurred globally in severe cases of coronavirus disease managed in the intensive care units. Furthermore, varied underlying host factors, such as preexisting immunosuppression, the use of immunomodulatory agents, and invasive procedures predisposing lung tissues to fungal colonization and proliferation, caused increased susceptibility to fungal infections in COVID-19 patient populations. These invasive fungal infections directly impact the overall length of hospitalization and mortality. The most commonly reported fungal infections in patients with COVID-19 include aspergillosis, invasive candidiasis, and mucormycosis. An overall worldwide increase in the prevalence of candidiasis and aspergillosis was observed in COVID-19 patients , whereas outbreaks of mucormycosis were mainly recorded from India. Diagnostic challenges and limited antifungal treatment options make secondary fungal infections among COVID-19 patients more burdensome, which results in improper management and increased mortality.

COVID-19 大流行凸显了全球范围内重症监护病房治疗的冠状病毒病重症病例中发生的继发真菌感染的并发症。此外，各种潜在的宿主因素，例如先前存在的免疫抑制、免疫调节剂的使用以及导致肺组织易发生真菌定植和增殖的侵入性操作，导致了 COVID-19 患者群体对真菌感染的易感性增加。这些侵袭性真菌感染直接影响住院时间和死亡率。COVID-19 患者最常报告的真菌感染包括曲霉菌病、侵袭性念珠菌病和毛霉菌病。在 COVID-19 患者中观察到全球范围内念珠菌病和曲霉菌病的患病率总体上升，而毛霉菌病的暴发主要发生在印度。诊断挑战和有限的抗真菌治疗选择使 COVID-19 患者的继发真菌感染更加繁重，从而导致管理不当和死亡率增加。