Abstract

This paper considers the use of lignin during the preparation of phenol-formaldehyde resins. The effect of lignin on the properties of phenol-formaldehyde resins and materials based on them is studied. The obtained resins are characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that, in the case of increasing the concentration of lignin, the time of the polycondensation reaction, the energy of activation, and the curing time of lignin-containing resins increase. The main parameters of the lignin-containing resins correspond to GOST (State Standard) 20907–2016 except for the concentration of free formaldehyde. The obtained resins are used to obtain a foam composite material—phenolic foam. It is noted that phenolic foams based on resins containing 5–10% lignin in the composition have a higher compression strength in comparison with other samples. At a concentration of lignin in the resin of 20%, the compression strength of the ready-to-use thermal-insulation materials decreases relative to other samples, while it turns out to be impossible to obtain a foam material in the case of using a resin with 30% lignin. The results of the study make it possible to recommend the use of a small amount of lignin (5–10%) in the production of phenol-formaldehyde resins and further production of a thermal-insulation material with an increased compression strength.

中文翻译：

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木质素对酚醛树脂反应活性及保温材料性能的影响

摘要

本文考虑在酚醛树脂的制备过程中使用木质素。研究了木质素对酚醛树脂及其材料性能的影响。所得树脂通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）进行表征。结果表明，在增加木质素浓度的情况下，含木质素树脂的缩聚反应时间、活化能和固化时间均增加。除游离甲醛浓度外，含木质素树脂的主要参数均符合GOST（国家标准）20907-2016。使用得到的树脂得到泡沫复合材料——酚醛泡沫。值得注意的是，与其他样品相比，基于组合物中含有 5-10% 木质素的树脂的酚醛泡沫具有更高的压缩强度。当树脂中木质素浓度为20%时，即用型隔热材料的压缩强度相对于其他样品有所下降，而在使用木质素的情况下不可能获得泡沫材料。含有30%木质素的树脂。研究结果使得推荐在酚醛树脂的生产中使用少量木质素（5-10%）以及进一步生产具有更高抗压强度的隔热材料成为可能。而使用木质素含量为30%的树脂则无法获得泡沫材料。研究结果使得推荐在酚醛树脂的生产中使用少量木质素（5-10%）以及进一步生产具有更高抗压强度的隔热材料成为可能。而使用木质素含量为30%的树脂则无法获得泡沫材料。研究结果使得推荐在酚醛树脂的生产中使用少量木质素（5-10%）以及进一步生产具有更高抗压强度的隔热材料成为可能。