With the present paper, the Working Group on Cells, Tissues and Organs and other experts of the Superior Health Council of Belgium aimed to provide stakeholders in material of human origin with advice on critical aspects of serological and nucleic acid test (NAT) testing, to improve virological safety of cell- and tissue and organ donation. The current paper focusses on a number of preanalytical variables which can be critical for any medical biology examination: (1) sampling related variables (type of samples, collection of the samples, volume of the sample, choice of specific tubes, identification of tubes), (2) variables related to transport, storage and processing of blood samples (transport, centrifugation and haemolysis, storage before and after centrifugation, use of serum versus plasma), (3) variables related to dilution (haemodilution, pooling of samples), and (4) test dependent variables (available tests and validation). Depending on the type of donor (deceased donor (heart-beating or non-heart beating) versus living donor (allogeneic, related, autologous), and the type of donated human material (cells, tissue or organs) additional factors can play a role: pre- and post-mortem sampling, conditions of sampling (e.g. morgue), haemodilution, possibility of retesting.

通过本文件，细胞、组织和器官工作组以及比利时高级卫生委员会的其他专家旨在为人类来源材料的利益相关者提供有关血清学和核酸检测 (NAT) 检测关键方面的建议，以提高细胞、组织和器官捐赠的病毒学安全性。本文重点关注对任何医学生物学检查都至关重要的一些分析前变量：(1) 采样相关变量（样本类型、样本收集、样本体积、特定试管的选择、试管的识别） ，(2) 与血液样本的运输、储存和处理相关的变量（运输、离心和溶血、离心前后的储存、血清与血浆的使用），(3) 与稀释相关的变量（血液稀释、样本合并）， (4) 测试因变量（可用的测试和验证）。根据捐赠者的类型（已故捐赠者（有心跳或无心跳）与活体捐赠者（同种异体、相关、自体）以及捐赠的人体材料的类型（细胞、组织或器官），其他因素也可能发挥作用：宰前和宰后取样、取样条件（例如太平间）、血液稀释、重新测试的可能性。