Summary

On error of the testator in classical Roman law. – The paper discusses the different ways in which the classical Roman jurisprudence treated the testator’s error, be it a mistake concerning the choice of words, be it a false estimation of facts misleading the testator’s voluntas. In either case, the jurists may have treated the erroneous disposition as void or reformulated it according to the testator’s intention. However, it is shown that – contrary to some voices in the literature – no general rules on dealing with errores can be recognised. Rather, the Roman jurists and emperors decided each case on its own without referring to an underlying principle. It is only in the late classical period that some tendencies of an abstract thinking regarding this topic can be discerned.

中文翻译：

---

罗马法中的错误问题

概括

论古典罗马法中立遗嘱人的错误。– 本文讨论了古典罗马法理学处理遗嘱人错误的不同方式，无论是词语选择上的错误，还是对事实的错误估计，误导了遗嘱人的意愿。无论哪种情况，法学家都可能将错误的处置视为无效，或者根据遗嘱人的意图重新表述。然而，与文献中的一些声音相反，事实表明，没有处理错误的通用规则可以被识别。相反，罗马法学家和皇帝自行裁决每个案件，而不参考基本原则。只有在古典时期晚期，才可以看出关于这个主题的一些抽象思维倾向。