Fishing communities surrounding Lake Victoria in Uganda have HIV prevalence of 28% and incidence rates of 5 per 100 person years. More than 50% of the local fishermen are infected with Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni). We investigated the role of S. mansoni coinfection as a possible modifier of immune responses against HIV. Using polychromatic flow cytometry and Gran-ToxiLux assays, HIV specific responses, T cell phenotypes, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) potency and titres were compared between participants with HIV-S. mansoni coinfection and participants with HIV infection alone. S. mansoni coinfection was associated with a modified pattern of anti-HIV responses, including lower frequency of bifunctional (IFNγ + IL-2 − TNF-α+) CD4 T cells, higher overall CD4 T cell activation and lower HIV ADCC antibody titres, compared to participants with HIV alone. These results support the hypothesis that S. mansoni infection affects T cell and antibody responses to HIV in coinfected individuals.

中文翻译：

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艾滋病毒和曼氏血吸虫合并感染的乌干达人的艾滋病毒特异性 Th1 反应发生改变

乌干达维多利亚湖周围的渔业社区的艾滋病毒感染率为 28%，发病率为每 100 人年 5 人。当地50%以上的渔民感染曼氏血吸虫（S. mansoni）。我们研究了曼氏沙门氏菌合并感染作为艾滋病毒免疫反应的可能调节剂的作用。使用多色流式细胞术和 Gran-ToxiLux 测定，比较了 HIV-S 参与者之间的 HIV 特异性反应、T 细胞表型、抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性 (ADCC) 效力和滴度。曼索尼混合感染和单独感染艾滋病毒的参与者。曼氏沙门氏菌合并感染与抗 HIV 应答模式的改变有关，包括双功能 (IFNγ + IL-2 − TNF-α+) CD4 T 细胞频率较低、总体 CD4 T 细胞活化较高和 HIV ADCC 抗体滴度较低，与仅感染艾滋病毒的参与者相比。这些结果支持这样的假设：曼氏沙门氏菌感染影响共感染个体对 HIV 的 T 细胞和抗体反应。