Ukraine is actively denouncing and abandoning its Soviet legacy, with the legal process of decommunization being at the forefront of this process.¹ However, despite Ukraine's ongoing judiciary reformation process amplified by the signing of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, Ukraine's legal system still contains inherited Soviet legal deficiencies that allow for human rights violations. Some of the most glaring deficiencies relate to the rules and regulations for assigning and conducting forensic psychiatric examinations in cases of administrative offenses.

With an aim to aid Ukraine in eliminating present legal deficiencies that allow for violations of human rights, here we discuss current definitions, rules, and regulations concerning appointment and execution of forensic psychiatric examinations in cases of administrative law violations. We place particular emphasis in our discussion on the European Court for Human Rights case “Zaichenko v Ukraine, No 2”, and the reform bill that followed this case. This case is an ‘in vivo’ illustration of how Ukraine's legal deficiencies have created grounds for the violation of individual human rights.

Our assessment of the current rules and regulations for assigning and conducting forensic psychiatric examinations in proceedings of administrative offenses reveals that the legal deficiencies persist. The proposed reform bill is thus a highly warranted initiative, which however has several issues in its formulations and fails to address a few of the worst existing deficiencies. Ukraine's legislators must do further work to put through reforms that will safeguard individuals from unjustified forensic psychiatric examinations.

乌克兰正在积极谴责并放弃其苏联遗产，其中最重要的是非共产化的法律进程。¹然而，尽管乌克兰与欧盟签署联系国协定，进一步推进了乌克兰正在进行的司法改革进程，但乌克兰的法律体系仍然存在继承的苏联法律缺陷，允许侵犯人权。一些最明显的缺陷涉及在行政违法案件中分配和进行法医精神病学检查的规则和条例。

为了帮助乌克兰消除目前导致侵犯人权的法律缺陷，我们在此讨论有关在违反行政法的情况下任命和执行法医精神病检查的现行定义、规则和条例。我们特别强调对欧洲人权法院案件“Zaichenko 诉乌克兰，No 2”以及该案件后的改革法案的讨论。此案是乌克兰法律缺陷如何为侵犯个人人权创造理由的“活体”例证。

我们对行政犯罪诉讼中分配和进行法医精神病学检查的现行规则和规定的评估表明，法律缺陷仍然存在。因此，拟议的改革法案是一项非常有必要的举措，但其制定过程中存在一些问题，并且未能解决一些现有的最严重的缺陷。乌克兰立法者必须进一步开展改革，保护个人免受不合理的法医精神病学检查。