This article examines the state's actions to arm and disarm the civilian population in Spain during the convulsive final years of the Bourbon Restoration period (1917–23). While this topic has received little attention in the abundant literature on the crisis of the liberal regime in Spain, it is crucial to fully understanding the inherent causes and nature of the high levels of political violence which characterised this period. By analysing the ‘selective rearmament’ of part of the population by both legal and illegal means, this article considers the relationship between dynamics of civilian disarmament and rearmament and the evolution of the alleged state monopoly on violence in Spain.

本文探讨了波旁王朝复辟时期（1917-23 年）动荡的最后几年，国家为西班牙平民武装和解除武装的行动。尽管这一主题在有关西班牙自由主义政权危机的大量文献中很少受到关注，但充分理解这一时期高水平政治暴力的内在原因和性质至关重要。通过分析通过合法和非法手段对部分人口进行的“选择性重新武装”，本文探讨了西班牙平民解除武装和重新武装的动态与所谓国家对暴力的垄断的演变之间的关系。