ABSTRACT

Industry commentators have recently proposed the concept of ‘augmented translation’. Drawing on the notions of ‘antagonistic dualisms’ and ‘human-centered artificial intelligence’ (HCAI), this paper considers various definitions of ‘augmentation’ from an augmented cognition standpoint including definitions focussing on problem-solving, interdisciplinary field theories, and cognition supported by sensing technologies and AI. It is suggested that translation has been an augmented activity for some decades now. However, according to other views of augmented cognition, the level of augmentation is low in comparison to what could theoretically be achieved if the sensing and technological mitigations envisaged for augmented cognition could be realised. Translation technology has not been driven by an empowerment or intelligence amplification (IA) agenda, but by an emulation and artificial intelligence (AI) agenda. The mechanisms, technical and ethical challenges of achieving augmented translation, beyond what is currently in place in translation tools, are tentatively explored. It is, in conclusion, suggested that the HCAI focus on intelligence amplification rather than on replacement of human ability, on a move from emulation to empowerment, is pointing the way forward.

摘要

行业评论员最近提出了“增强翻译”的概念。本文借鉴“对抗二元论”和“以人为中心的人工智能”（HCAI）的概念，从增强认知的角度考虑了“增强”的各种定义，包括侧重于解决问题、跨学科场论和认知支持的定义通过传感技术和人工智能。有人认为，几十年来翻译一直是一项增强型活动。然而，根据增强认知的其他观点，如果可以实现增强认知设想的传感和技术缓解措施，则与理论上可以实现的水平相比，增强水平较低。翻译技术并不是由授权或智能放大 (IA) 议程驱动的，而是通过仿真和人工智能 (AI) 议程。初步探讨了超越当前翻译工具的实现增强翻译的机制、技术和伦理挑战。总之，HCAI 的重点是智力放大而不是替代人类能力，从模拟到赋权的转变，指明了前进的方向。