The drop in temperature during the winter months can lead to a decrease in growth, induce metabolic stress, and increase mortality incidences. The present study evaluated the potential of functional feed additives in mitigating the negative impacts of winter-rearing conditions in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Four test diets were evaluated over a twelve-week feed trial: (1) zinc-acetate (Zn-acetate), (2) selenomethionine (Se-Met), (3) β-glucan, and (4) control with no added feed additive. The survival rate in the β-glucan (95.00%) and Zn-acetate (93.30%) dietary groups was higher than the control (78.30%) and Se-Met (85.00%). Fish fed with the β-glucan had the highest weight gain (20.75% increase), specific growth rate (13.75% increase), and lower feed conversion ratio (9.64 % decrease). However, feed additives did not influence the fatty acid profiles or whole-body proximate composition. Although, Zn-acetate and Se-Met had higher body ash content. Serum cortisol and glucose levels were lower in β-glucan and Zn-acetate than in other treatment groups. All feed additives resulted in higher superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activity in the liver and muscle. This study found that β-glucan and zinc-acetate can improve cold stress resistance and offer a sustainable strategy for catfish rearing over winter.

中文翻译：

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使用功能性饲料添加剂减轻冬季气温对条纹鲶鱼（Pangasianodonhyphaphamus）的影响

冬季气温下降会导致生长减慢，诱发代谢应激，并增加死亡率。本研究评估了功能性饲料添加剂在减轻冬季饲养条件对条纹鲶鱼（Pangasianodon Hyphaphamus）的负面影响方面的潜力。在为期 12 周的饲料试验中评估了四种测试日粮：(1) 醋酸锌 (Zn-acetate)、(2) 硒代蛋氨酸 (Se-Met)、(3) β-葡聚糖和 (4) 不添加的对照饲料添加剂。β-葡聚糖（95.00%）和醋酸锌（93.30%）饮食组的存活率高于对照组（78.30%）和硒蛋氨酸（85.00%）。饲喂β-葡聚糖的鱼体重增加最高（增加20.75%），特定生长率（增加13.75%），但饲料转化率较低（减少9.64%）。然而，饲料添加剂并不影响脂肪酸谱或全身的近似组成。然而，醋酸锌和蛋氨酸硒的体灰分含量较高。β-葡聚糖和醋酸锌组的血清皮质醇和葡萄糖水平低于其他治疗组。所有饲料添加剂都会导致肝脏和肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性升高。这项研究发现，β-葡聚糖和醋酸锌可以提高抗冷应激能力，为鲶鱼越冬饲养提供可持续的策略。