Although epithelial–mesenchymal markers play an important role in prostate cancer (PC), further research is needed to better understand their utility in diagnosis, cancer progression prevention, and treatment resistance prediction. Our study included 111 PC patients who underwent transurethral resection, as well as 16 healthy controls. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to examine the expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and Vimentin. We found that E-cadherin and β-catenin were underexpressed in primary PC tissues. E-cadherin expression was found to be inversely associated with prostate-specific antigen progression (PSA-P; serum marker of progression; p = 0.01; |r| = 0.262). Furthermore, the underexpression of two markers, E-cadherin and β-catenin, was found to be associated with advanced tumor stage and grade (p < 0.05). On the other hand, Vimentin was overexpressed in PC patients with a fold change of 2.141, and it was associated with the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (p = 0.002), abiraterone-acid (p = 0.001), and taxanes (p = 0.029). Moreover, the current study highlighted that poor survival could be significantly found in patients who progressed after primary surgery, did not use drugs, and expressed these genes aberrantly. In Cox regression multivariate analysis (p < 0.05), a positive correlation between the Vimentin marker and coronary heart disease in PC patients was identified (p = 0.034). In summary, the present study highlights the diagnostic (p < 0.001), prognostic (p < 0.001), and therapeutic potential of Vimentin in primary PC (p < 0.05), as well as its implications for cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, we confirm the potential prognostic value of E-cadherin and β-catenin.

中文翻译：

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幼稚前列腺癌中 E-钙粘蛋白/β-连环蛋白、波形蛋白表达、临床病理特征和耐药性预测之间的相关性：分子和临床研究

尽管上皮间质标记物在前列腺癌（PC）中发挥着重要作用，但仍需要进一步研究以更好地了解它们在诊断、癌症进展预防和治疗耐药预测中的用途。我们的研究包括 111 名接受经尿道切除术的 PC 患者以及 16 名健康对照者。采用逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测E-钙粘蛋白、β-连环蛋白和波形蛋白的表达。我们发现 E-钙粘蛋白和 β-连环蛋白在原发性 PC 组织中表达不足。发现 E-钙粘蛋白表达与前列腺特异性抗原进展呈负相关（PSA-P；进展的血清标志物；p  = 0.01；|r| = 0.262）。此外，E-钙粘蛋白和β-连环蛋白这两种标志物的表达不足被发现与晚期肿瘤分期和分级相关（p  < 0.05）。另一方面，Vimentin 在 PC 患者中过度表达，倍数变化为 2.141，并且与雄激素剥夺疗法 ( p  = 0.002)、阿比特龙酸 ( p  = 0.001 ) 的诊断、预后和治疗抵抗预测相关。 ）和紫杉烷类（p  = 0.029）。此外，当前的研究强调，初次手术后病情进展、未使用药物且这些基因异常表达的患者的生存率明显较低。在 Cox 回归多变量分析 ( p  < 0.05) 中，Vimentin 标记物与 PC 患者冠心病之间存在正相关性 ( p  = 0.034)。总之，本研究强调了 Vimentin 在原发性 PC 中的诊断 ( p  < 0.001)、预后 ( p  < 0.001) 和治疗潜力 ( p  < 0.05) 及其对心血管疾病的影响。此外，我们证实了 E-钙粘蛋白和 β-连环蛋白的潜在预后价值。