Warm-season perennial grasses are the backbone of the pasture-based livestock industry in the lower southeastern United States, and bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is the most widely planted forage species, covering ∼15 million ha. The genus Cynodon is native to southern Africa, and germplasm collections possess high genetic and phenotypic variability. The USDA National Plant Germplasm System maintains a collection of bermudagrass plant introductions (PIs) in Griffin, GA, and USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA, maintains additional germplasm. Multi-location trials were established in four states (Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Oklahoma) to screen Cynodon germplasm for herbage accumulation (HA), nutritive value (NV), and bermudagrass stem maggot (BSM) (Atherigona reversura Villeneuve). Due to the large genotype × environment interaction for HA, we focused on selecting accessions adapted to South Georgia and Florida, and further studies were performed in Florida. Several PIs showed improved HA and NV compared with ‘Tifton 85’. PI 316510, originally introduced from Ingelheim, Germany, produced high HA in Citra, FL, and Tifton, GA, with improved NV traits. In addition, PI 316510 had faster establishment and similar BSM tolerance to Tifton 85. We confirmed PI 316510 as tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) through chromosome counts and flow cytometry, and it is genetically distinct from other commercial cultivars. PI 316510 has been publicly released under the name ‘Newell’, and it is vegetatively propagated. Planting material can be requested from the UF-IFAS Forage Breeding program.

中文翻译：

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“纽厄尔”百慕大草：美国农业部 Cynodon 收藏品的公开发布

暖季多年生草是美国东南部下游牧场畜牧业的支柱，狗牙根 ( Cynodon spp.) 是种植最广泛的饲料品种，覆盖面积约 1500 万公顷。狗牙根属原产于南部非洲，种质资源具有高度的遗传和表型变异性。美国农业部国家植物种质系统在佐治亚州格里芬保存着狗牙根植物引种 (PI) 的集合，而美国农业部国家植物种质系统在佐治亚州蒂夫顿保存着额外的种质。在四个州（佛罗里达州、佐治亚州、北卡罗来纳州和俄克拉荷马州）建立了多地点试验，筛选狗牙根种质的草本积累（HA）、营养价值（NV）和狗牙根茎蛆（BSM）。Atherigona reversura Villeneuve）。由于HA的基因型×环境相互作用较大，我们重点选择适应南乔治亚州和佛罗里达州的材料，并在佛罗里达州进行了进一步的研究。与“Tifton 85”相比，一些 PI 显示出改善的 HA 和 NV。PI 316510 最初从德国 Ingelheim 引入，在佛罗里达州 Citra 和佐治亚州 Tifton 生产高 HA，并具有改善的 NV 性状。此外，PI 316510 具有更快的建立速度和与 Tifton 85 相似的 BSM 耐受性。我们确认 PI 316510 为四倍体 (2 n  = 4 x = 36）通过染色体计数和流式细胞术，它在遗传上与其他商业品种不同。PI 316510 已以“Newell”名称公开发布，并且采用无性繁殖。种植材料可从 UF-IFAS 饲料育种计划索取。