ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to deliver summarized information on livestock production, trends and prospects to the stakeholders/beneficiaries, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It is always suggested that around 70–80% of agricultural land is required to produce both pasture and feeds. The African livestock sector contributes about 30–80% to its Agricultural Gross Domestic Products. From the world's total, around 85% of livestock keepers are found in SSA countries. Although it produces only 2.8% of the world's meat and milk outputs, SSA contributes more than 14% of the world's livestock resources. By 2050, a projected demand for poultry meat, in the selected countries of SSA, will increase by 214%, followed by pork (161%). Consequently, by 2050 projected rates of the annual consumption of both pork and poultry meat will gain the highest growth rate, followed by the egg in Africa. After 27 years, the worldwide consumption rate of animal-based food is expected to rise by 80%. As urbanization increases, both livestock-based and processed foods are favoured. Additionally, increasing demand for the animal-derived products presents an opportunity for livestock keepers. However, the local production and demand for livestock products, mainly in SSA, have not been matched. Therefore, countries in the region are either consuming inadequate protein-source foods or remain net importers. To improve production, intervention needs to focus on the integrated elements of animal husbandry. Intensification is also another option to produce more animal products while efficiently using natural resources. Feed-resource might be efficiently used when combining some extensive and intensive livestock production systems. Moreover, feed efficiency might be improved when matching the livestock species with that of a compatible feed resource and the types. In converting caloris and proteins of the feeds into edible food, beef production is less efficient than that of poultry and pigs. It is concluded that livestock production plays a great role in SSA's socio-economy and it has also a bright future to be improved.

摘要

本文的目的是向撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 的利益相关者/受益者提供有关畜牧生产、趋势和前景的汇总信息。人们总是建议大约 70-80% 的农业用地用于生产牧草和饲料。非洲畜牧业占其农业国内生产总值的 30-80% 左右。从全球总数来看，大约 85% 的牲畜饲养者位于撒哈拉以南非洲国家。尽管SSA的肉类和奶产量仅占世界的2.8%，但它却贡献了世界14%以上的牲畜资源。到 2050 年，SSA 选定国家对禽肉的需求预计将增加 214%，其次是猪肉（161%）。最后，预计到2050年，非洲猪肉和禽肉的年消费增长率将最高，其次是鸡蛋。27年后，全球动物性食品的消费率预计将上升80%。随着城市化进程的加快，畜牧食品和加工食品都受到青睐。此外，对动物源产品的需求不断增长为牲畜饲养者提供了机会。然而，当地畜产品的生产和需求（主要是撒哈拉以南非洲地区）尚未匹配。因此，该地区国家要么消费蛋白质源食品不足，要么仍然是净进口国。为了提高产量，干预需要重点关注畜牧业的综合要素。集约化也是生产更多动物产品同时有效利用自然资源的另一种选择。当结合一些粗放型和集约型畜牧生产系统时，饲料资源可能会得到有效利用。此外，当牲畜品种与相容的饲料资源和类型相匹配时，饲料效率可能会得到提高。在将饲料中的热量和蛋白质转化为可食用食品方面，牛肉生产的效率低于家禽和猪。得出的结论是，畜牧业生产在SSA的社会经济中发挥着重要作用，也有广阔的发展前景。当牲畜品种与相容的饲料资源和类型相匹配时，饲料效率可能会得到提高。在将饲料中的热量和蛋白质转化为可食用食品方面，牛肉生产的效率低于家禽和猪。得出的结论是，畜牧业生产在SSA的社会经济中发挥着重要作用，也有广阔的发展前景。当牲畜品种与相容的饲料资源和类型相匹配时，饲料效率可能会得到提高。在将饲料中的热量和蛋白质转化为可食用食品方面，牛肉生产的效率低于家禽和猪。得出的结论是，畜牧业生产在SSA的社会经济中发挥着重要作用，也有广阔的发展前景。