Since the world is currently in the midst of a major biodiversity crisis, scientists have assigned high conservation priority to 36 biodiversity hotspots around the world. As part of one of the leading hotspots in terms of species richness and local endemism, Vietnam is considered a country with high conservation priority. The reptile fauna of Vietnam is known for its high level of diversity and an outstanding number of endemic species. Vietnamese reptiles are highly threatened due to habitat loss and overharvesting for domestic and international trade, traditional medicine and food, making them a group of great conservation concern. As a baseline for improved reptile conservation in Vietnam, we conducted a conservation assessment of Vietnamese reptile species by evaluating data from a variety of sources. Our study results show that approximately 32.9% (n = 159) of the total reptile species (n = 484) present in Vietnam are endemic to the country, of which more than half are only known from their type locality and about one-third restricted to a particular subregion, making the species particularly vulnerable to threats. Furthermore, 33.5% (n = 53) of 158 endemic taxa included in the protected area analysis have not yet been recorded from any protected area. Among all 418 Vietnamese reptile species listed on the IUCN Red List, 17.7% (n = 74) are threatened with extinction, 46.0% (n = 34) of the total 74 threatened species are endemic to Vietnam. The fact that 135 species are either listed as DD or have not yet been evaluated by the IUCN highlights the urgency of further research. Moreover, only very few species are protected by national or international legislation, and further assessments are needed to protect reptiles of particular concern. A Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS) analysis revealed that 22.5% (n = 109) of all reptiles occurring in Vietnam and only 6.3% (n = 10) of the endemic Vietnamese reptiles are currently kept in zoos worldwide. Although 60.8% (n = 45) of the threatened reptiles (n = 74) from Vietnam are currently held in zoos, only 23.5 (n = 8) of the endemic threatened species (n = 34) are held there. Following the IUCNCPSG`s One Plan Approach to Conservation, it is therefore recommended to increase the number of threatened and endemic species in breeding stations and zoos to maintain assurance populations, suitable for restocking measures. Despite ongoing efforts in Vietnam, further conservation measures are required. We therefore also identify areas of highest reptile diversity and with the largest number of threatened species and provide a list of 50 most threatened species (10% of total species) as a guide for further research and conservation action in Vietnam.

中文翻译：

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越南爬行动物物种威胁状况评估 - 实施单一计划保护方法

 由于世界目前正处于重大的生物多样性危机之中，科学家们对全球36个生物多样性热点地区给予了高度保护优先权。作为物种丰富度和当地特有性的主要热点地区之一的一部分，越南被认为是一个高度保护优先的国家。越南的爬行动物区系以其高度的多样性和数量众多的特有物种而闻名。由于栖息地丧失以及国内和国际贸易、传统医药和食品的过度捕捞，越南爬行动物受到高度威胁，使其成为备受关注的保护群体。作为改善越南爬行动物保护的基线，我们通过评估各种来源的数据对越南爬行动物物种进行了保护评估。我们的研究结果表明，越南爬行动物总数 (n = 484) 中约 32.9% (n = 159) 是该国特有物种，其中一半以上仅通过其模式产地而为人所知，约三分之一为受限物种到特定的次区域，使该物种特别容易受到威胁。此外，保护区分析中包含的 158 个特有类群中，有 33.5% (n = 53) 尚未在任何保护区进行记录。在列入世界自然保护联盟红色名录的越南爬行动物中，共有418种，其中17.7%（n = 74）面临灭绝威胁，74种受威胁物种中的46.0%（n = 34）是越南特有物种。135 个物种要么被列为 DD，要么尚未被 IUCN 评估，这一事实凸显了进一步研究的紧迫性。而且，只有极少数物种受到国家或国际立法的保护，需要进一步评估以保护特别令人关注的爬行动物。动物学信息管理系统 (ZIMS) 分析显示，越南出现的所有爬行动物中有 22.5% (n = 109)，而越南特有爬行动物中只有 6.3% (n = 10) 目前饲养在世界各地的动物园中。尽管目前 60.8% (n = 45) 的越南受威胁爬行动物 (n = 74) 被关在动物园中，但只有 23.5 (n = 8) 的特有受威胁物种 (n = 34) 被关在动物园里。因此，根据 IUCNCPSG 的单一计划保护方法，建议增加繁殖站和动物园中受威胁和特有物种的数量，以维持适合重新放养措施的保证种群。尽管越南不断努力，需要采取进一步的保护措施。因此，我们还确定了爬行动物多样性最高和受威胁物种数量最多的地区，并提供了 50 个最受威胁物种的清单（占物种总数的 10%），作为越南进一步研究和保护行动的指南。