The division of labour remains persistently gendered, in particular among couples with children. Previous research shows that women’s lower economic resources are an important factor driving these inequalities, but because gender and (relative) earnings are highly correlated in male–female couples, their relative importance is difficult to disentangle with observational data. Using a factorial survey conducted among approximately 700 employed men and women of childbearing age in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands, the contribution of relative earnings and gender in explaining work-care divisions in couples with children is disentangled. The results show that men and women do not differ in their preferences for their own work hours after childbirth, but both prefer the father to work more hours than the mother. Moreover, the combination of own and partners’ preferred hours shows that men and women in all three countries prefer a modified male-breadwinner model after childbirth in scenarios where the male partner earns more or partners have equal earnings. Preferences for egalitarian divisions of labour appear to be slightly stronger in men compared to women and respondents with more egalitarian views on care tasks show less gender-specialization.

中文翻译：

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女人想要什么？关于产后夫妇首选工作时间的析因调查的证据

劳动分工仍然持续存在性别差异，特别是在有孩子的夫妇中。先前的研究表明，女性较低的经济资源是造成这些不平等的一个重要因素，但由于性别和（相对）收入在男女夫妇中高度相关，因此很难用观察数据来区分它们的相对重要性。通过对瑞典、英国和荷兰约 700 名育龄就业男性和女性进行的析因调查，相对收入和性别在解释有孩子的夫妇的工作照顾分工方面的作用得到了澄清。结果显示，男性和女性对产后自己工作时间的偏好没有差异，但都更喜欢父亲工作时间多于母亲。而且，自己和伴侣的首选工作时间相结合表明，在男性伴侣收入更高或伴侣收入相同的情况下，这三个国家的男性和女性在分娩后更喜欢改良的男性养家糊口模式。与女性相比，男性对平等劳动分工的偏好似乎略强，并且对护理任务持更平等观点的受访者显示，性别专业化程度较低。