Runtime Verification can be defined as a collection of formal methods for studying the dynamic evaluation of execution traces against formal specifications. Aside from creating a monitor from specifications and building algorithms for the evaluation of the trace, the process of gathering events and making them available for the monitor and the communication between the system under analysis and the monitor are critical and important steps in the runtime verification process. In many situations and for a variety of reasons, the event trace could be incomplete or could contain imprecise events. When a missing or ambiguous event is detected, the monitor may be unable to deliver a sound verdict. In this survey, we review the literature dealing with the problem of monitoring with incomplete traces. We list the different causes of uncertainty that have been identified, and analyze their effect on the monitoring process. We identify and compare the different methods that have been proposed to perform monitoring on such traces, highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of each method.

运行时验证可以定义为用于研究针对正式规范的执行跟踪的动态评估的正式方法的集合。除了根据规范创建监视器和构建用于评估跟踪的算法之外，收集事件并使它们可供监视器使用的过程以及被分析系统和监视器之间的通信是运行时验证过程中关键且重要的步骤。在许多情况下，由于各种原因，事件跟踪可能不完整或可能包含不精确的事件。当检测到缺失或不明确的事件时，监视器可能无法提供合理的结论。在本次调查中，我们回顾了处理不完整痕迹监测问题的文献。我们列出了已确定的不确定性的不同原因，并分析了它们对监测过程的影响。我们识别并比较了已提出的对此类痕迹进行监控的不同方法，突出了每种方法的优点和缺点。