Infections that involve interkingdom microbial communities, such as those between bacteria and yeast pathogens, are difficult to treat, associated with worse patient outcomes, and may be a source of antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we address co-occurrence and co-infections of Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two pathogens that occupy multiple infection niches in the human body, especially in immunocompromised patients. The interaction between the pathogen species influences microbe–host interactions, the effectiveness of antimicrobials and even infection outcomes, and may thus require adapted treatment strategies. However, the molecular details of bacteria–fungal interactions both inside and outside the infection sites, are insufficiently characterised. We argue that comprehensively understanding the P. aeruginosa–C. albicans interaction network through integrated systems biology approaches will capture the highly dynamic and complex nature of these polymicrobial infections and lead to a more comprehensive understanding of clinical observations such as reshaped immune defences and low antimicrobial treatment efficacy.

涉及界间微生物群落的感染，例如细菌和酵母病原体之间的感染，很难治疗，与较差的患者预后相关，并且可能是抗菌素耐药性的根源。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了白色念珠菌和铜绿假单胞菌的共存和共同感染，这两种病原体占据了人体的多个感染位，特别是在免疫功能低下的患者中。病原体物种之间的相互作用会影响微生物与宿主的相互作用、抗菌药物的有效性甚至感染结果，因此可能需要采取适当的治疗策略。然而，感染部位内外细菌-真菌相互作用的分子细节尚未得到充分表征。我们认为全面了解铜绿假单胞菌-C. 通过综合系统生物学方法的白色念珠菌相互作用网络将捕捉这些多种微生物感染的高度动态和复杂的性质，并导致对临床观察结果的更全面的了解，例如重塑的免疫防御和低抗菌治疗功效。