Soybean (Glycine max) is a valuable crop in agricultural production. Our previous study showed that extract from the cyanobacterium strain Desmonostoc alborizicum is toxic as demonstrated by sequencing the mcyD and mcyG genes of the microcystin synthetase (mcy) cluster. We hypothesized that bioactive compounds from Desmonostoc alborizicum would enhance the defense responses of soybean to cowpea aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch), a severe pest of leguminous crops. Results showed that inoculation with cowpea aphid affected oxidative stress in soybean leaves. A potent production of superoxide anion radical (O₂·⁻) was observed in 30 aphids 12 h post infestation (hpi), while the highest amount of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was observed in 30 aphids 96 hpi without treatment of cyanobacteria extract. Results of enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) showed that they were intensely stored to decrease the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The highest generation of SOD and CAT was observed in 30 and 20 aphids 96 hpi and 24 hpi with treatment of cyanobacteria extract, while the highest amount of GPx (36.95 nkat mg⁻¹ protein) was observed in aphids 96 hpi, respectively, without treatment of cyanobacteria extract.

When exposed to cyanobacteria extract, the production of O₂·⁻ and H₂O₂, as well as the activity of GPx, were significantly reduced, leading to a substantial decrease in oxidative damage. However, the activity of SOD and CAT showed a remarkable increase in the leaves infested with cowpea aphids when treated with cyanobacteria extract. This suggests that the application of cyanobacteria extract may have a novel impact on the antioxidative response of soybean plants in the context of their interaction with cowpea aphids. Incorporating the effect of cyanobacteria extract into current research data can enhance our understanding of the soybean–aphid interaction.

大豆（Glycine max）是农业生产中的宝贵作物。我们之前的研究表明，通过对微囊藻毒素合成酶 ( mcy ) 簇的mcy D 和mcy G 基因进行测序，证明蓝藻菌株Desmonostoc alborizicum的提取物具有毒性。我们假设来自Desmonostoc alborizicum的生物活性化合物会增强大豆对豆科作物严重害虫豇豆蚜 ( Aphis craccivora Koch)的防御反应。结果表明，接种豇豆蚜会影响大豆叶片的氧化应激。有效产生超氧阴离子自由基（O ₂ ·^- ）在感染后 12 小时（hpi）的 30 只蚜虫中观察到，而在未经蓝藻提取物处理的 96 hpi 的 30 只蚜虫中观察到最高量的过氧化氢（H ₂ O _{2 ）。}酶抗氧化剂（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx））的结果表明，它们被强烈储存以减少活性氧（ROS）的毒性作用。经蓝藻提取物处理后，在 96 hpi 和 24 hpi 的 30 只和 20 只蚜虫中观察到 SOD 和 CAT 生成量最高，而在未经处理的蚜虫 96 hpi 中分别观察到最高量的 GPx（36.95 nkat mg -1 蛋白^）蓝藻提取物。

_{当暴露于蓝藻提取物时，O 2} · ^-和H ₂ O ₂的产生以及GPx的活性显着减少，导致氧化损伤大幅减少。然而，用蓝藻提取物处理后，被豇豆蚜侵染的叶片中 SOD 和 CAT 活性显着增加。这表明蓝藻提取物的应用可能对大豆植物与豇豆蚜虫相互作用的抗氧化反应产生新的影响。将蓝藻提取物的作用纳入当前的研究数据可以增强我们对大豆与蚜虫相互作用的理解。