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Incommunicable: Decolonizing perspectives on language and health
American Anthropologist ( IF 3.139 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 , DOI: 10.1111/aman.13917
Charles L. Briggs 1
Affiliation  

This article fosters a new relationship between linguistic and medical anthropology by decolonizing foundational conceptions of language and health. It reintroduces John Locke as a philosopher-physician who used diagnosis of language disorders to impose a regime of communicability—reducing language to exchanging transparent, stable, purely referential signs. By deeming white, elite, able-bodied European men alone capable of enacting this self-help program, he connected communicability to whiteness and turned it into a means of evaluating and subordinating all others. Communicability also enabled him to shape how physicians produce knowledge in empiricist, atheoretical, observational fashion. I then trace physician-philosopher Frantz Fanon's critique of how colonialism denies communicability to racialized subjects. Fanon's analysis of colonial medicine shows how clinical encounters can produce incommunicable subjects. Given that constructions of communicability have become highly visible features of medical education and practice and social-scientific research on it, the article extends Fanon's analysis of physician-patient communication more generally to ask if contemporary efforts to regiment clinical interactions and assess the communicable success of patients and doctors alike turn them into sites of incommunicability—assessments of communicable failure—for both parties. The article ends by imagining worlds beyond the oppressive weight of communicability and the stigma of incommunicability.

中文翻译:

无法沟通:语言和健康的非殖民化观点

本文通过对语言和健康的基本概念进行去殖民化,促进了语言学和医学人类学之间的新关系。它重新介绍了约翰·洛克作为一位哲学家兼医生,他利用语言障碍的诊断来强加一种可交流的机制——将语言简化为交换透明、稳定、纯粹的指称符号。通过认为只有白人、精英、身体健全的欧洲男性才有能力实施这一自助计划,他将可沟通性与白人联系起来,并将其转变为评估和服从所有其他人的手段。沟通能力还使他能够塑造医生如何以经验主义、非理论和观察的方式产生知识。然后,我追溯了医生兼哲学家弗朗茨·法农(Frantz Fanon)对殖民主义如何否认种族化主体的可传播性的批评。法农对殖民医学的分析表明,临床接触如何会产生无法交流的受试者。鉴于传播性的构建已成为医学教育和实践以及社会科学研究中高度可见的特征,本文将法农对医患沟通的分析扩展到更广泛的领域,以询问当代在管理临床互动和评估传播性成功方面的努力是否病人和医生都把它们变成了双方无法沟通的场所——对传染性失败的评估。文章最后想象了一个超越可交流性的沉重负担和不可交流性耻辱的世界。鉴于传播性的构建已成为医学教育和实践以及社会科学研究中高度可见的特征,本文将法农对医患沟通的分析扩展到更广泛的领域,以询问当代在管理临床互动和评估传播性成功方面的努力是否病人和医生都把它们变成了双方无法沟通的场所——对传染性失败的评估。文章最后想象了一个超越可交流性的沉重负担和不可交流性耻辱的世界。鉴于传播性的构建已成为医学教育和实践以及社会科学研究中高度可见的特征,本文将法农对医患沟通的分析扩展到更广泛的领域,以询问当代在管理临床互动和评估传播性成功方面的努力是否病人和医生都把它们变成了双方无法沟通的场所——对传染性失败的评估。文章最后想象了一个超越可交流性的沉重负担和不可交流性耻辱的世界。这篇文章更广泛地扩展了法农对医患沟通的分析,以询问当代对患者和医生进行临床互动和评估传染性成功的努力是否会将其变成双方无法沟通的场所(评估传染性失败)。文章最后想象了一个超越可交流性的沉重负担和不可交流性耻辱的世界。这篇文章更广泛地扩展了法农对医患沟通的分析,以询问当代对患者和医生进行临床互动和评估传染性成功的努力是否会将其变成双方无法沟通的场所(评估传染性失败)。文章最后想象了一个超越可交流性的沉重负担和不可交流性耻辱的世界。
更新日期:2023-09-08
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