Background. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal malignancies and is considered the third major cause of mortality globally. Probiotics have been shown to protect against the CRC cascade in numerous studies. Aims. The goal of this systematic review was to gather the preclinical studies that examined the impact of probiotics on the alteration of gut microbiota profiles (bacterial communities) and their link to colorectal carcinogenesis as well as the potential processes involved. Methods. The search was performed using Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases. Five parameters were used to develop search filters: “probiotics,” “prebiotics,” “synbiotics,” “colorectal cancer,” and “animal model.” Results. Of the 399 full texts that were screened, 33 original articles met the inclusion criteria. According to the current findings, probiotics/synbiotics could significantly attenuate aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation, restore beneficial bacteria in the microbiota population, increase short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and change inflammatory marker expression. Conclusions. The present systematic review results indicate that probiotics could modulate the gut microbial composition and immune regulation to combat/inhibit CRC in preclinical models. However, where the evidence is more limited, it is critical to transfer preclinical research into clinical data.

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益生菌与结直肠癌动物模型肠道微生物群落组成调节之间的关联：系统评价（2010-2021）

背景。结直肠癌（CRC）是最常见的胃肠道恶性肿瘤之一，被认为是全球第三大死亡原因。大量研究表明，益生菌可以预防结直肠癌级联反应。目标。本系统综述的目的是收集临床前研究，这些研究检查了益生菌对肠道微生物群特征（细菌群落）改变的影响及其与结直肠癌发生的联系以及所涉及的潜在过程。方法。该检索是使用 Scopus、Web of Science 和 PubMed 数据库进行的。使用五个参数来开发搜索过滤器：“益生菌”、“益生元”、“合生元”、“结直肠癌”和“动物模型”。结果。在筛选的 399 篇全文中，33 篇原创文章符合纳入标准。根据目前的研究结果，益生菌/合生元可以显着减弱异常隐窝灶（ACF）的形成，恢复微生物群中的有益细菌，增加短链脂肪酸（SCFA）并改变炎症标志物的表达。结论。目前的系统评价结果表明，益生菌可以调节肠道微生物组成和免疫调节，以在临床前模型中对抗/抑制结直肠癌。然而，在证据较为有限的情况下，将临床前研究转化为临床数据至关重要。