The presence of significant areas used for pastures in Kazakhstan makes it relevant to study the epizootic situation in terms of the incidence of animals during their grazing. The most frequent and dangerous diseases during this period are clostridiosis and listeriosis, which cause significant damage to livestock. Monitoring studies of the dynamics of morbidity among animals for infectious diseases during the grazing period were carried out on the basis of veterinary reporting. Bacteriological studies were carried out in a state laboratory using generally accepted microbiological methods. Analytical and statistical methods were used during the work. Monitoring studies indicate a significant spread of clostridiosis in the territory of Kazakhstan. The highest incidence rate was characterised by emphysematous carbuncle infection, which was recorded throughout the country, with an average frequency of about 40 cases per year. The incidence of braxy and anaerobic enterotoxemia occurred much less frequently and mainly in the southern regions of the country. Listeriosis was also observed only in some regions, but at the same time, a stationary focus of the disease was recorded in the Utylaut region, where cases of the disease are recorded annually. Conducted research made it possible to form the dynamics of the incidence of animals in the pasture period for these diseases, to determine the regions of the country with different intensity of the epizootic situation, as well as to carry out bacteriological isolation of a pure culture of the pathogen from samples taken in the foci of the disease. The studies made it possible to collect information on the features and mechanisms of the occurrence of diseases in the conditions of different regions of Kazakhstan and to develop a multi-vector strategy for preventive measures to eliminate animal diseases during the grazing period.

中文翻译：

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哈萨克斯坦共和国境内部分动物细菌性传染病的流行病学监测

哈萨克斯坦存在大量牧场，因此有必要根据放牧期间动物的发病率来研究动物流行情况。这一时期最常见和最危险的疾病是梭状芽胞杆菌病和李斯特菌病，它们对牲畜造成重大损害。根据兽医报告，对放牧期间动物传染病发病动态进行监测研究。细菌学研究是在国家实验室使用普遍接受的微生物学方法进行的。工作期间使用了分析和统计方法。监测研究表明梭状芽胞杆菌病在哈萨克斯坦境内显着蔓延。发病率最高的是肺气肿痈感染，全国均有记录，平均每年约40例。急躁型和厌氧性肠毒血症的发病率要低得多，主要发生在该国南部地区。仅在某些地区观察到李斯特菌病，但与此同时，在 Utylaut 地区记录了该疾病的固定病灶，该地区每年都会记录该疾病的病例。所进行的研究使得形成这些疾病在牧场期间动物发病的动态、确定该国不同强度的流行情况的地区以及对纯培养物进行细菌学分离成为可能。从疾病病灶采集的样本中提取病原体。这些研究使得收集哈萨克斯坦不同地区疾病发生的特征和机制的信息成为可能，并制定多媒介预防措施战略，以消除放牧期间的动物疾病。