ABSTRACT

In the Mekong Region, agroecological approaches provide a niche alternative to the dominant traditional or intensive farming systems. We conducted a synthesis of current evidence on agroecological interventions by means of a systematic literature review and mapping of case studies in Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar. The majority of the 271 identified cases focussed on practical and technical support. Interventions using holistic approaches, and such that focused on improving food systems through innovative territorial governance, value chain arrangements, and policy frameworks were scarce. Most cases targeted the agroecological optimization and the modernization of traditional farming systems. A mere 18 of our cases addressed gender in relation to agroecology. To scale agroecological transitions, sectoral barriers have to be overcome. There is an urgent need to put a pronounced focus on the diversification of ecosystem services in commercial agriculture and degraded areas and on women’s contributions to sustainable farming.

摘要

在湄公河地区，生态农业方法为占主导地位的传统或集约化农业系统提供了一种利基替代方案。我们通过系统的文献综述和柬埔寨、越南、老挝、泰国和缅甸的案例研究，对农业生态干预措施的现有证据进行了综合。271 个已识别案例中的大多数集中于实际和技术支持。采用整体方法的干预措施，以及侧重于通过创新的领土治理、价值链安排和政策框架来改善粮食系统的干预措施很少。大多数案例针对的是农业生态优化和传统农业系统的现代化。我们的案例中只有 18 个涉及与农业生态学相关的性别问题。为了扩大农业生态转型，必须克服部门障碍。迫切需要明确关注商业农业和退化地区生态系统服务的多样化以及妇女对可持续农业的贡献。