Wildfires may increase soil emissions of trace nitrogen (N) gases like nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) by changing soil physicochemical conditions and altering microbial processes like nitrification and denitrification. When 34 studies were synthesized, we found a significant increase in both NO and N₂O emissions up to 1 year post-fire across studies spanning ecosystems globally. However, when fluxes were separated by ecosystem type, we found that individual ecosystem types responded uniquely to fire. Forest soils tended to emit more N₂O after fire, but there was no significant effect on NO. Shrubland soils showed significant increases in both NO and N₂O emissions after fires; often with extremely large but short-lived NO pulses occurring immediately after fire. Grassland NO emissions increased after fire, but the size of this effect was small relative to shrublands. N₂O emissions from burned grasslands were highly variable with no significant effect. To better understand the variation in responses to fire across global ecosystems, more consistent measurements of variables recognized as important controls on soil fluxes of NO and N₂O (e.g., N cycling rates, soil water content, pH, and substrate availability) are needed across studies. We also suggest that fire-specific elements like burn severity, microbial community succession, and the presence of char be considered by future studies. Our synthesis suggests that fires can exacerbate ecosystem N loss long after they burn, increasing soil emissions of NO and N₂O with implications for ecosystem N loss, climate, and regional air quality as wildfires increase globally.

野火可能会改变土壤理化条件并改变硝化和反硝化等微生物过程，从而增加土壤中一氧化氮 (NO) 和一氧化二氮 (N _{2 O) 等微量氮 (N) 气体的排放。}综合 34 项研究后，我们发现全球生态系统的研究中，火灾后一年内NO 和 N _{2 O 排放量显着增加。}然而，当通量按生态系统类型分开时，我们发现各个生态系统类型对火灾的反应是独特的。森林土壤火灾后倾向于释放更多的N ₂ O，但对NO没有显着影响。_{灌木丛土壤中 NO 和 N 2}显着增加火灾后的 O 排放；通常在火灾后立即出现极大但短暂的 NO 脉冲。火灾后草地的二氧化氮排放量有所增加，但相对于灌木丛而言，这种影响的规模较小。烧毁草地的N ₂ O 排放量变化很大，但没有显着影响。为了更好地了解全球生态系统对火灾反应的变化，对被认为是土壤 NO 和 N 2 通量重要控制因素的变量进行更一致的_测量各个研究都需要 O（例如氮循环速率、土壤含水量、pH 值和底物可用性）。我们还建议未来的研究考虑火灾特有的因素，如烧伤严重程度、微生物群落演替和炭的存在。_{我们的综合分析表明，火灾在燃烧后很长时间内会加剧生态系统氮的流失，增加土壤中 NO 和 N 2} O的排放，随着全球野火的增加，对生态系统氮流失、气候和区域空气质量产生影响。