The effects of tree pollen on precipitation chemistry are not fully understood and this can lead to misinterpretations of element deposition in European forests. We investigated the relationship between forest throughfall (TF) element fluxes and the Seasonal Pollen Integral (SPIn) using linear mixed-effects modelling (LME). TF was measured in 1990–2018 during the main pollen season (MPS, arbitrary two months) in 61 managed, mostly pure, even-aged Fagus, Quercus, Pinus, and Picea stands which are part of the ICP Forests Level II network. The SPIn for the dominant tree genus was observed at 56 aerobiological monitoring stations in nearby cities. The net contribution of pollen was estimated as the TF flux in the MPS minus the fluxes in the preceding and succeeding months. In stands of Fagus and Picea, two genera that do not form large amounts of flowers every year, TF fluxes of potassium (K⁺), ammonium-nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) showed a positive relationship with SPIn. However- for Fagus- a negative relationship was found between TF nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) fluxes and SPIn. For Quercus and Pinus, two genera producing many flowers each year, SPIn displayed limited variability and no clear association with TF element fluxes. Overall, pollen contributed on average 4.1–10.6% of the annual TF fluxes of K⁺ > DOC > DON > NH₄⁺-N with the highest contribution in Quercus > Fagus > Pinus > Picea stands. Tree pollen appears to affect TF inorganic nitrogen fluxes both qualitatively and quantitatively, acting as a source of NH₄⁺-N and a sink of NO₃⁻-N. Pollen appears to play a more complex role in nutrient cycling than previously thought.

树木花粉对降水化学的影响尚未完全了解，这可能导致对欧洲森林中元素沉积的误解。我们使用线性混合效应模型 (LME) 研究了森林径流 (TF) 元素通量与季节性花粉积分 (SPIn) 之间的关系。TF 在 1990 年至 2018 年主要花粉季节（MPS，任意两个月）期间对 61 株管理的、大部分纯种、同龄的水青​​冈、栎属、松属和云杉进行测量属于 ICP 森林二级网络一部分的林分。在附近城市的56个空气生物监测站观测了优势树属的SPIn。花粉的净贡献估计为 MPS 中的 TF 通量减去前几个月和后几个月的通量。在水青冈和云杉这两个每年不会形成大量花朵的属中，钾 (K ⁺ )、铵氮 (NH ₄ ⁺ -N)、溶解有机碳 (DOC) 和溶解有机碳的 TF 通量氮（DON）与 SPIn 呈正相关。然而，对于水青冈来说，TF 硝酸盐-氮 (NO ₃ ⁻-N) 通量和 SPIn。对于栎属和松属这两个每年产生许多花的属，SPIn 显示出有限的变异性，并且与 TF 元素通量没有明确的关联。总体而言，花粉平均贡献了 K ⁺ > DOC > DON > NH ₄ ^{+ -N 的年 TF 通量的 4.1–10.6%，其中在}栎树 > 水青冈 > 松树 > 云杉林中贡献最高。_{树花粉似乎在定性和定量上影响 TF 无机氮通量，充当 NH 4} ⁺ -N源和 NO ₃ ^−汇-N。花粉在营养循环中发挥的作用似乎比之前想象的更为复杂。