Rapid urban expansion and the development of urban rail transit networks have led to a deteriorating vibration environment along metro lines. These long-term vibrations pose significant challenges to adjacent buildings, such as opera theatres, and to the well-being of nearby residents. Consequently, there is a critical need for vibration evaluation and the implementation of mitigation solutions. This work provides a numerical investigation into the dynamics of vibrations observed in an opera theatre located above a metro station. A unified coupling method, known as the train-track-station-solum-opera model, is proposed and validated with field experiments. By employing contact theory, deformation coordination criteria, and spring elements, various components are meticulously modeled and coupled. Using this unified coupled approach, metro-induced vibrations at the opera theatre are predicted and evaluated. Additionally, vibration control measures are employed from the perspectives of transfer paths and vibration receivers to mitigate and isolate excessive theatre vibrations. The results, based on a case where the distance between the metro line and the opera theatre is 42 m, demonstrate that metro operations can lead to vibrations exceeding acceptable limits at the opera theatre near the metro station. Therefore, it is imperative that vibrations are assessed before constructing vibration-sensitive buildings along metro lines and that mitigation measures are implemented to meet specifications. In this work, the application of extruded polystyrene (XPS) plates and optimization of building structures effectively reduced excessive theatre vibrations by 1–2.5 dB, offering viable attenuation options without requiring modifications to the existing metro system.

城市快速扩张和城市轨道交通网络的发展导致地铁沿线振动环境不断恶化。这些长期振动对歌剧院等邻近建筑物以及附近居民的福祉构成了重大挑战。因此，迫切需要进行振动评估和实施缓解解决方案。这项工作对地铁站上方歌剧院中观察到的振动动力学进行了数值研究。提出了一种统一的耦合方法，称为火车-轨道-车站-solum-opera模型，并通过现场实验进行了验证。通过采用接触理论、变形协调标准和弹簧元件，对各种组件进行精心建模和耦合。使用这种统一的耦合方法，对歌剧院地铁引起的振动进行了预测和评估。此外，从传递路径和振动接收器的角度采取振动控制措施，以减轻和隔离剧院的过度振动。基于地铁线路与歌剧院之间距离为 42 m 的情况，结果表明地铁运营会导致地铁站附近歌剧院的振动超出可接受的限度。因此，在沿地铁线路建造振动敏感建筑物之前必须对振动进行评估，并采取缓解措施以满足规范要求。在这项工作中，挤塑聚苯乙烯（XPS）板的应用和建筑结构的优化有效地减少了剧院的过度振动1-2.5分贝，