Ocean acidification (OA) arises as a consequence of excessive carbon dioxide (CO₂) inputs into the ocean, a situation further exacerbated by anthropogenic gas emissions. Predictions indicate that seawater surface pH will decrease by 0.4 by the end of the twenty-first century. Notably, studies have observed significant alterations in molluscan assemblages due to OA, leading to a substantial decline of 43% in species richness and 61% in overall mollusc abundance. Moreover, OA has been associated with a 13 ± 3% reduction in the skeletal density of massive Porites corals on the Great Barrier Reef since 1950, particularly affecting marine invertebrates. Given these impacts, this review aims to comprehensively assess the research status and main effects of OA on the physiology and ecology of marine invertebrates over the past two decades, employing bibliometric analysis. Additionally, this review aims to offer valuable insights into potential future research directions. The analysis reveals that research on OA and its influence on marine invertebrates is predominantly conducted in Europe, America, and Australia, reflecting the local extent of acidification and the characteristics of species in these regions. OA significantly affects various physiological aspects of marine invertebrates, encompassing the calcification process, oxidative stress, immunity, energy budget, metabolism, growth, development, and genetics, consequently impacting their behaviour and causing disruptions in the population structure and marine ecosystem. As a result, future research should aim to intimately connect the different physiological mechanisms of marine invertebrates with comprehensive ecosystem evaluation, such as investigating the relationships between food webs, abiotic factors, energy, and matter flow. Furthermore, it is crucial to explore the interactive effects of OA with other stressors, assess the potential for adaptation and acclimation in marine invertebrates, and evaluate the broader ecological implications of OA on entire marine ecosystems. Emphasizing these aspects in future studies will contribute significantly to our understanding of OA's impact on marine invertebrates and facilitate effective conservation and management strategies for these vital biological communities within marine ecosystems.

海洋酸化 (OA) 是由于过量的二氧化碳 (CO ₂）流入海洋，人为气体排放进一步加剧了这种情况。预测表明，到二十一世纪末，海水表面pH值将下降0.4。值得注意的是，研究观察到 OA 导致软体动物组合发生显着变化，导致物种丰富度大幅下降 43%，软体动物整体丰度大幅下降 61%。此外，自 1950 年以来，OA 与大堡礁上大型滨珊瑚的骨骼密度下降 13 ± 3% 有关，特别是对海洋无脊椎动物的影响。鉴于这些影响，本文旨在通过文献计量分析，全面评估过去二十年OA对海洋无脊椎动物生理和生态的研究现状和主要影响。此外，本综述旨在为未来潜在的研究方向提供有价值的见解。分析表明，OA及其对海洋无脊椎动物影响的研究主要集中在欧洲、美洲和澳大利亚，反映了这些地区当地的酸化程度和物种特征。OA显着影响海洋无脊椎动物的各个生理方面，包括钙化过程、氧化应激、免疫、能量预算、新陈代谢、生长、发育和遗传学，从而影响它们的行为并造成种群结构和海洋生态系统的破坏。因此，未来的研究应致力于将海洋无脊椎动物的不同生理机制与综合生态系统评估紧密联系起来，例如研究食物网、非生物因素、能量和物质流之间的关系。此外，探索 OA 与其他应激源的相互作用，评估海洋无脊椎动物适应和驯化的潜力，并评估 OA 对整个海洋生态系统的更广泛的生态影响也至关重要。在未来的研究中强调这些方面将大大有助于我们了解OA对海洋无脊椎动物的影响，并促进海洋生态系统中这些重要生物群落的有效保护和管理战略。并评估 OA 对整个海洋生态系统的更广泛的生态影响。在未来的研究中强调这些方面将大大有助于我们了解OA对海洋无脊椎动物的影响，并促进海洋生态系统中这些重要生物群落的有效保护和管理战略。并评估 OA 对整个海洋生态系统的更广泛的生态影响。在未来的研究中强调这些方面将大大有助于我们了解OA对海洋无脊椎动物的影响，并促进海洋生态系统中这些重要生物群落的有效保护和管理战略。