Fungi, being a necessary component of the gut microbiome, potentially have direct or indirect effects on the health and illness status of the host. The gut mycobiome is an inducer of the host's immunity, maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and protecting against infections, as well as a reservoir of opportunistic microorganisms and a potential cofactor when the host is immunocompromised. In addition, gut fungi interact with a diverse range of microbes in the intestinal niches. In this article, we reviewed the composition of gut mycobiome, their association with host health and illness, and summarized the specific Candida albicans–host interactions, in order to provide insights and directions for the ongoing study of fungi.

中文翻译：

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肠道真菌组：肠道微生物组与宿主相互作用的“黑匣子”

真菌是肠道微生物组的必要组成部分，可能对宿主的健康和疾病状况产生直接或间接的影响。肠道菌群是宿主免疫力的诱导剂，可维持肠道稳态并防止感染，也是机会性微生物的储存库和宿主免疫功能低下时的潜在辅助因子。此外，肠道真菌与肠道生态位中的多种微生物相互作用。在本文中，我们回顾了肠道菌群的组成及其与宿主健康和疾病的关系，并总结了白色念珠菌与宿主的特定相互作用，以期为正在进行的真菌研究提供见解和方向。