At the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, many French commentators doubted that France had the strength to withstand the trials of war. Yet the national mobilisation for war was an indisputable success that surprised military planners and political leaders alike. Despite inauspicious beginnings and the unprecedented material and human costs of war, France held out, and the Republican nation-state emerged victorious and to a large extent reinforced by the war. However, the subsequent failure to mobilise successfully in 1939–40 begs the question of the nature and transformation of French patriotism in the First World War. Interestingly, in a field characterised by its vibrant, sophisticated and highly contentious debates, French historians appear to have skirted around the problem of patriotic mobilisation. This article reconsiders this question by investigating social mobilisation in the country’s southern periphery, focusing on the town of Béziers. It underlines the need to locate patriotism by considering its valence in the particular social and geographic contexts that determined the war experience at the front or at home. It also suggests the necessity to re-politicise the idea of national sentiment while maintaining the necessary distinction between patriotism and nationalism. Finally, it argues that the analysis of wartime mobilisation in France must be part of a larger reflection on the mobilisation of space and place in the era of the Great War.

中文翻译：

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Au Nom de la Patrie：第一次世界大战法国的南方身份和爱国动员

1914年8月第一次世界大战爆发时，许多法国评论家怀疑法国是否有实力经受住战争的考验。然而，全国战争动员无疑取得了成功，令军事规划者和政治领导人都感到惊讶。尽管开局不利，战争造成了前所未有的物质和人力成本，但法国坚持了下来，共和民族国家取得了胜利，并在很大程度上因战争而得到加强。然而，随后在 1939-40 年未能成功动员，引发了人们对第一次世界大战中法国爱国主义的性质和转变的疑问。有趣的是，在一个充满活力、复杂且极具争议性的辩论领域，法国历史学家似乎回避了爱国动员问题。本文通过调查该国南部边缘地区的社会动员情况来重新考虑这个问题，重点关注贝济耶镇。它强调需要通过考虑爱国主义在决定前线或国内战争经历的特定社会和地理背景下的效价来定位爱国主义。它还表明有必要将民族情感的观念重新政治化，同时保持爱国主义和民族主义之间的必要区别。最后，它认为对法国战时动员的分析必须是对一战时代空间和地点动员的更大反思的一部分。它强调需要通过考虑爱国主义在决定前线或国内战争经历的特定社会和地理背景下的效价来定位爱国主义。它还表明有必要将民族情感的观念重新政治化，同时保持爱国主义和民族主义之间的必要区别。最后，它认为对法国战时动员的分析必须是对一战时代空间和地点动员的更大反思的一部分。它强调需要通过考虑爱国主义在决定前线或国内战争经历的特定社会和地理背景下的效价来定位爱国主义。它还表明有必要将民族情感的观念重新政治化，同时保持爱国主义和民族主义之间的必要区别。最后，它认为对法国战时动员的分析必须是对一战时代空间和地点动员的更大反思的一部分。