Cyprininae are a highly diversified but demonstrably monophyletic lineage of cypriniform fishes. Here, the karyotype and chromosomal characteristics of Hypsibarbus malcolmi (Smith, 1945) and H. wetmorei (Smith, 1931) were examined using conventional, nucleolus organizing regions (NORs) and molecular cytogenetic protocols. The diploid chromosome number (2n) of H. malcolmi was 50, the fundamental number (FN) was equal to 62, and the karyotype displayed 8m + 4sm + 38a with NORs located at the centromeric and telomeric positions of the short arms of chromosome pairs 1 and 2, respectively. 2n of H. wetmorei was 50, FN 78, karyotype 14m + 14sm + 22a with the NORs at the telomeric position of the short arm of chromosome pair 2. 2n and FN in males and females were identical. Fluorescence in situ hybridization using different microsatellite motifs as probes also showed substantial genomic divergence between both studied species. In H. wetmorei, (CAG)n and (CAC)n microsatellites accumulated in the telomeric regions of all chromosomes, while in H. malcolmi, they had scattered signals on all chromosomes. Besides, the (GAA)n microsatellites were distributed along all chromosomes of H. malcolmi, but there was a strong hybridization pattern in the centromeric region of a single pair in H. wetmorei. These cytogenomic difference across the genomes of these Hypsibarbus Rainboth, 1996 species are markers for specific evolutionary differentiation within these two species.

中文翻译：

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Hypsibarbus malcolmi 和 H. wetmorei（鲤科，Poropuntiini）的比较细胞遗传学研究

 鲤亚科是鲤形鱼类的高度多样化但明显单系谱系。在这里，使用传统的核仁组织区 (NOR) 和分子细胞遗传学方案检查了 Hypsibarbus malcolmi (Smith, 1945) 和 H. wetmorei (Smith, 1931) 的核型和染色体特征。H. malcolmi二倍体染色体数(2n)为50，基本数(FN)为62，核型为8m+4sm+38a，NOR位于染色体对短臂的着丝粒和端粒位置分别为1和2。H. wetmorei的2n为50，FN 78，核型14m+14sm+22a，NOR位于2号染色体对短臂端粒位置。雄性和雌性的2n和FN相同。使用不同微卫星基序作为探针的荧光原位杂交也显示出两个研究物种之间显着的基因组差异。在 H. wetmorei 中，(CAG)n 和 (CAC)n 微卫星积累在所有染色体的端粒区域，而在 H. malcolmi 中，它们在所有染色体上都有分散的信号。此外，(GAA)n微卫星分布在H. malcolmi的所有染色体上，但在H. wetmorei的单个对的着丝粒区域存在强烈的杂交模式。这些 Hypsibarbus Rainboth, 1996 物种的基因组差异是这两个物种内特定进化分化的标志。