Drawing on the identity literature and job crafting research, the present work investigates how occupational identity threat is positively related to individual job crafting (i.e., approach crafting and avoidance crafting) and how approach (or avoidance) crafting transforms occupational identity threat into increased job engagement and improved job performance. We also propose that the regulatory focus of individuals would moderate these relationships. After conducting two field studies, Study 1, which used data from 211 matched employee–supervisor pairs at an aluminium manufacturing company, found that occupational identity threat had a positive effect on approach and avoidance crafting. The results also showed further support for the moderating effect of prevention focus and a mediating effect of approach crafting in transferring the effect of occupational identity threat in a positive manner (i.e., higher job engagement and performance). In Study 2, we replicated the findings of Study 1 and found further evidence for the moderating effect of promotion focus and a moderated mediating effect of approach crafting on job engagement. Theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed.

中文翻译：

---

强调积极的一面：职业身份威胁如何以及何时导致工作重塑和积极成果

借鉴身份文献和工作塑造研究，本研究调查了职业身份威胁如何与个人工作塑造（即接近塑造和回避塑造）正相关，以及接近（或回避）塑造如何将职业身份威胁转化为更高的工作投入度并提高了工作绩效。我们还建议对个人的监管重点将缓和这些关系。在进行两项实地研究后，研究 1 使用了一家铝制造公司 211 名匹配的员工-主管对的数据，发现职业身份威胁对接近和回避的制定有积极的影响。结果还进一步支持了预防焦点的调节作用和方法设计的中介作用，以积极的方式（即更高的工作投入和绩效）转移职业身份威胁的影响。在研究 2 中，我们重复了研究 1 的结果，并找到了进一步的证据，证明晋升焦点的调节作用和方法制定对工作投入的调节作用。讨论了这项研究的理论和实践意义。