Rubber material is an excellent cushioning material in daily life and engineering applications. In this paper, the influence of rubber combination types and the corrugated surface roughness on cushioning performance are analyzed. By controlling the friction coefficients at different positions, the influence on the cushioning performance is also explored. Solving the numerical instability and energy nonconservation that are prone to occur in collisions is crucial for the accuracy of numerical simulation. The complexities of collision solution are overcome by separating nonlinear factors. The dynamics equation is derived according to the principle of virtual displacement, the geometric nonlinear problem of materials is described by the total Lagrangian formulation. Under the bipotential framework, the boundary nonlinear problem is solved based on the complete contact law. To reduce the solution cost and to improve the numerical accuracy, the prediction-correction step is used to solve the collision force. The bipotential coefficient is automatically updated with time steps, without the need for manual adjustment by users, achieving better convergence. Then, the collision force is substituted into the dynamic equation in the form of external load, which will not increase the degrees of freedom, and has better numerical robustness. In addition, the Newton–Raphson iterative method is embedded in the Tamma–Namburu scheme to solve the material nonlinearity problem and improve the numerical stability. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in the simulation of collision problems. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is proved to be stable and strictly satisfy the law of energy conservation/dissipation. Even for the corrugated surface structure with nonuniform friction, it can also better complete simulating the collision process.

橡胶材料是日常生活和工程应用中优良的缓冲材料。本文分析了橡胶组合类型和波纹表面粗糙度对缓冲性能的影响。通过控制不同位置的摩擦系数，还探讨了其对缓冲性能的影响。解决碰撞中容易出现的数值不稳定性和能量不守恒问题对于数值模拟的准确性至关重要。通过分离非线性因素克服了碰撞求解的复杂性。根据虚位移原理推导出动力学方程，用全拉格朗日公式描述材料的几何非线性问题。在双势框架下，基于完全接触律求解边界非线性问题。为了降低求解成本并提高数值精度，采用预测校正步骤来求解碰撞力。双势系数随时间步长自动更新，无需用户手动调整，达到更好的收敛性。然后，将碰撞力以外载荷的形式代入动力学方程，不会增加自由度，具有更好的数值鲁棒性。此外，Tamma-Namburu方案中嵌入了Newton-Raphson迭代法来解决材料非线性问题并提高数值稳定性。给出了几个数值例子来证明所提出的算法在模拟碰撞问题中的有效性。此外，该算法被证明是稳定的并且严格满足能量守恒定律/耗散定律。即使对于摩擦力不均匀的波纹表面结构，也能更好地完成碰撞过程的模拟。