Advances in four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D flow CMR) have allowed quantification of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) blood flow. We aimed to (1) investigate age and sex differences of 4D flow CMR-derived LV and RV relative flow components and kinetic energy (KE) parameters indexed to end-diastolic volume (KEiEDV) in healthy subjects; and (2) assess the effects of age and sex on these parameters. We performed 4D flow analysis in 163 healthy participants (42% female; mean age 43 ± 13 years) of a prospective registry study (NCT03217240) who were free of cardiovascular diseases. Relative flow components (direct flow, retained inflow, delayed ejection flow, residual volume) and multiple phasic KEiEDV (global, peak systolic, average systolic, average diastolic, peak E-wave, peak A-wave) for both LV and RV were analysed. Compared with men, women had lower median LV and RV residual volume, and LV peak and average systolic KEiEDV, and higher median values of RV direct flow, RV global KEiEDV, RV average diastolic KEiEDV, and RV peak E-wave KEiEDV. ANOVA analysis found there were no differences in flow components, peak and average systolic, average diastolic and global KEiEDV for both LV and RV across age groups. Peak A-wave KEiEDV increased significantly (r = 0.458 for LV and 0.341 for RV), whereas peak E-wave KEiEDV (r = − 0.355 for LV and − 0.318 for RV), and KEiEDV E/A ratio (r = − 0.475 for LV and − 0.504 for RV) decreased significantly, with age. These data using state-of-the-art 4D flow CMR show that biventricular flow components and kinetic energy parameters vary significantly by age and sex. Age and sex trends should be considered in the interpretation of quantitative measures of biventricular flow. Clinical trial registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03217240.

中文翻译：

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健康受试者 4D 血流心血管磁共振的双心室血流成分和动能的年龄和性别特定参考值

四维血流心血管磁共振 (4D flow CMR) 的进步可以量化左心室 (LV) 和右心室 (RV) 血流。我们的目的是 (1) 研究健康受试者中 4D 血流 CMR 衍生的 LV 和 RV 相对血流成分以及与舒张末期容积 (KEiEDV) 相关的动能 (KE) 参数的年龄和性别差异；(2) 评估年龄和性别对这些参数的影响。我们对一项前瞻性登记研究 (NCT03217240) 的 163 名无心血管疾病的健康参与者（42% 为女性；平均年龄 43 ± 13 岁）进行了 4D 血流分析。分析了 LV 和 RV 的相对流量成分（直接流量、保留流入量、延迟射血流量、残余量）和多相 KEiEDV（整体、峰值收缩压、平均收缩压、平均舒张压、峰值 E 波、峰值 A 波） 。与男性相比，女性的 LV 和 RV 残气量中位数、LV 峰值和平均收缩期 KEiEDV 较低，而 RV 直流流量、RV 总体 KEiEDV、RV 平均舒张期 KEiEDV 和 RV 峰值 E 波 KEiEDV 中值较高。方差分析发现，不同年龄组的 LV 和 RV 的血流成分、峰值和平均收缩压、平均舒张压和总体 KEiEDV 没有差异。峰值 A 波 KEiEDV 显着增加（LV 为 r = 0.458，RV 为 0.341），而 E 波峰值 KEiEDV（LV 为 r = − 0.355，RV 为 − 0.318），KEiEDV E/A 比率（r = − 0.475）随着年龄的增长，左心室 (LV) 和右心室 (RV) − 0.504) 显着下降。这些使用最先进的 4D 血流 CMR 的数据表明，双心室血流成分和动能参数因年龄和性别而异。在解释双心室流量的定量测量值时应考虑年龄和性别趋势。临床试验注册 https://www.clinicaltrials.gov 。唯一标识符：NCT03217240。