Artemisia vulgaris is a medicinally important essential oil–yielding plant belonging to Asteraceae, used as a traditional remedy against chronic diseases. The essential oil of this plant has been used as an insect repellent and antimicrobial agent. The growing concern of antibiotic resistance has forced to find an alternative way to control multi-drug-resistant urinary tract–infecting bacterial pathogens by using the essential oil and leaf extract of A. vulgaris for the first time. The antibacterial activity showed that the essential oil (in situ, ex vitro) and leaf crude extract (ex vitro) are highly effective on all human urinary tract–infecting pathogens. In contrast, ex vitro plant-mediated essential oil is most significant with an 18.07 ± 0.17-mm inhibition zone against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The ex vitro plants are also superior to the in situ plants for obtaining greater extract and essential oil content (950 µl), over a time period of 12 wk. To obtain the ex vitro plants, meta-topolin is used for in vitro regeneration of A. vulgaris for the first time, showing the highest mean shoot number (98.11 ± 0.31) regeneration after 42 d, which is more significant in comparison with other studies conducted till date. The cytogenetic stability of the regenerated plantlets has been checked using start codon targeted polymorphism and cytological studies, conferring the homogeneity among regenerants along with in situ plant. Furthermore, the essential oil of the ex vitro plants was analysed through gas-chromatography mass spectroscopy, which detected a few compounds with bio-significance from A. vulgaris, including 2-carene, 2-(4-nitrophenyl) acetamide, β-guaiene, α-acorenol, and 10,12-Tricosadiyonic.

艾蒿是一种重要的药用精油植物，属于菊科，用作治疗慢性疾病的传统药物。这种植物的精油已被用作驱虫剂和抗菌剂。人们对抗生素耐药性的日益关注迫使我们首次使用寻常菌精油和叶提取物来寻找一种替代方法来控制多重耐药尿路感染细菌病原体。抗菌活性表明精油（原位、体外）和叶粗提物（体外）对所有人类尿路感染病原体均高度有效。相比之下，体外植物介导的精油最显着，对肺炎克雷伯菌具有 18.07 ± 0.17 毫米的抑制区。在 12 周的时间内，离体植物也优于原位植物，可以获得更高的提取物和精油含量 (950 µl)。为了获得离体植物，使用meta -topolin对普通A. vulgaris进行体外再生首次显示42天后再生的平均芽数最高（98.11±0.31），这与迄今为止进行的其他研究相比更为显着。使用起始密码子靶向多态性和细胞学研究检查了再生植株的细胞遗传学稳定性，赋予再生体与原位植株之间的同质性。此外，通过气相色谱质谱分析了离体植物的精油，检测到了一些具有生物意义的化合物，包括2-蒈烯、2-(4-硝基苯基)乙酰胺、β-愈创木烯。、α-acorenol 和 10,12-Tricosadiyonic。