Real-time volumetric contents streaming on augmented reality (AR) devices should necessitate a balance between end-users' quality of experience (QoE) and the latency requirements. Lowering the quality of the volumetric contents to diminish the latency hinders the user's QoE. Otherwise, setting the quality of volumetric contents relatively high to improve the users' QoE increases the latency, which can be challenging to meet user satisfaction in AR services. Based on this trade-off observation, our proposed method maximizes time-average AR quality under latency requirements, inspired by Lyapunov optimization framework. In order to control the AR quality depending on latency requirements, we control the point cloud rendering ratio in the volumetric contents under the concept of Lyapunov optimization. Our extensive evaluation demonstrates that our proposed method achieves desired performance improvements, i.e., avoiding latency growing while ensuring the high quality of the volumetric contents streaming in AR services.

中文翻译：

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体积内容渲染的实时高质量可视化：Lyapunov 优化框架

在增强现实 (AR) 设备上传输的实时体积内容需要在最终用户的体验质量 (QoE) 和延迟要求之间取得平衡。降低大量内容的质量以减少延迟会影响用户的 QoE。否则，将大量内容的质量设置得相对较高以提高用户的 QoE 会增加延迟，这可能难以满足 AR 服务的用户满意度。基于这种权衡观察，受 Lyapunov 优化框架的启发，我们提出的方法在延迟要求下最大化了时间平均 AR 质量。为了根据延迟要求控制 AR 质量，我们在 Lyapunov 优化的概念下控制体积内容中的点云渲染比率。