The remarkable physicochemical properties of nanomaterials have attracted researchers due to the numerous applications in the field of chemistry, biology, and physics. Despite the various applications, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are harmful to living organisms and to the environment as they are released without any safety testing. In this study, SPIONs were synthesized and further characterized. The aim of the study was to examine the toxicity of synthesized SPIONs against animal models: Zebrafish—Danio rerio, Earthworm—Eudrilus eugeniae, and Drosophila—Drosophila melanogaster through histology using Hematoxylin–Eosin and Prussian Blue staining. The accumulation of SPIONs was further quantified by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Through histology images, it was observed that the SPIONs had caused damages and a lower concentration of 0.001–0.002 μg/ml of metal accumulation was detected in the ICP-MS analysis.

中文翻译：

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化学合成 SPION 对模式生物的毒性作用评估

纳米材料卓越的物理化学性质因其在化学、生物学和物理领域的广泛应用而吸引了研究人员。尽管有多种应用，但超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（SPION）对生物体和环境有害，因为它们在未经任何安全测试的情况下释放。在本研究中，合成了 SPION 并进一步表征。该研究的目的是检查合成的 SPION 对动物模型的毒性：斑马鱼 -斑马鱼、蚯蚓 - Eudrilus eugeniae和果蝇 -黑腹果蝇使用苏木精-伊红和普鲁士蓝染色进行组织学检查。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱 (ICP-MS) 进一步量化 SPION 的积累。通过组织学图像，观察到SPIONs造成了损害，并且在ICP-MS分析中检测到了0.001-0.002μg/ml的较低浓度的 金属积累。