Purpose of Review

Despite the availability of safe and effective oral combination antiretroviral therapy, barriers to maintaining viral suppression remain a challenge to ending the HIV epidemic. Long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy was developed as an alternative to daily oral therapy. This review summarizes the current literature on the efficacy of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine for the treatment of HIV-1, reasons to switch to injectable therapy, and barriers to switching.

Recent Findings

Long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine is safe and effective in maintaining HIV-1 virologic suppression. Ideal candidates for switching to long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine are virologically suppressed on oral regimens with good adherence and no history of virologic failure or baseline resistance. Indications to switch to injectable therapy include patient preference, the potential for improved adherence, and avoidance of adverse effects. Implementation research is needed to assess and overcome system barriers.

Summary

Long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine is a novel alternative to oral antiretrovirals, with the potential to improve adherence and quality of life in people with HIV.

中文翻译：

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长效抗逆转录病毒疗法的新时代：何时以及为何进行转变

审查目的

尽管存在安全有效的口服联合抗逆转录病毒疗法，但维持病毒抑制的障碍仍然是结束艾滋病毒流行的挑战。长效注射抗逆转录病毒疗法是作为日常口服疗法的替代疗法而开发的。本综述总结了有关长效卡博特韦联合利匹韦林治疗 HIV-1 的疗效、改用注射疗法的原因以及改用障碍的现有文献。

最近的发现

长效卡博特韦联合利匹韦林在维持 HIV-1 病毒学抑制方面安全有效。改用长效卡博特韦加利匹韦林的理想候选者是口服治疗后病毒学受到抑制，且依从性良好，且无病毒学失败史或基线耐药性。改用注射疗法的适应症包括患者偏好、提高依从性的潜力以及避免不良反应。需要实施研究来评估和克服系统障碍。

概括

长效卡博特韦加利匹韦林是口服抗逆转录病毒药物的新型替代品，有可能提高艾滋病毒感染者的依从性和生活质量。