In light of the development of manned astronautics and the increasing participation of women in space flights, the question of female body adaptation to microgravity conditions becomes relevant. Currently, one of the important directions in this issue is to study the effects of support withdrawal as a factor of weightlessness on the human sensorimotor system. Dry Immersion is one of the well-known ground-based models, which adequately reproduces the main physiological effects of space flight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in motor evoked potentials of the lower leg gravity-dependent muscles in women after a 5-day Dry Immersion. We analyzed evoked responses to transcranial and trans-spinal magnetic stimulation. In this method, areas of interest (the motor cortex and lumbosacral thickening of the spinal cord) are stimulated with an electromagnetic stimulus. The experiment was conducted with the participation of 16 healthy female volunteers with a natural menstrual cycle. The thresholds, amplitudes, and latencies of motor potentials evoked by magnetic stimulation were assessed. We showed that 5-day exposure to support withdrawal leads to a decrease in motor-evoked potential thresholds and central motor conduction time, although changes in motor response amplitudes were ambiguous. The data obtained correspond to the results of previous research on Dry Immersion effects on the sensorimotor system in men.

中文翻译：

---

女性干浸 5 天后皮质脊髓兴奋性

随着载人航天的发展和女性越来越多地参与太空飞行，女性身体适应微重力条件的问题变得至关重要。目前，本课题的重要方向之一是研究支撑撤退作为失重因素对人体感觉运动系统的影响。干浸是众所周知的地面模型之一，充分再现了太空飞行的主要生理效应。本研究的目的是评估女性小腿重力依赖性肌肉在 5 天干浸泡后运动诱发电位的变化。我们分析了对经颅和经脊柱磁刺激的诱发反应。在这种方法中，用电磁刺激刺激感兴趣的区域（运动皮层和脊髓的腰骶部增厚）。该实验由 16 名具有自然月经周期的健康女性志愿者参与。评估了磁刺激引起的运动电位的阈值、幅度和潜伏期。我们发现，尽管运动反应幅度的变化不明确，但 5 天的支持撤退会导致运动诱发电位阈值和中枢运动传导时间降低。获得的数据与之前关于干浸对男性感觉运动系统影响的研究结果相符。