As a representative transition metal dichalcogenide, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties that exhibit advantages in the construction of biosensing interfaces. In this study, we explored the construction of a MoS₂-based aptamer sensor and investigated its application for high-precision detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in serum. Carboxyl group-modified MoS₂ was stably bonded to the surface of an aminated electrode as a substrate structure, and the electrode was further modified with biocompatible membrane polydopamine and PSA aptamers to form an aminated screen-printed electrode/carboxylated MoS₂/polydopamine (SPE-NH₂/MoS₂-COOH/PDA)-based aptamer sensor, which achieved ultrasensitive detection of PSA at 0.001 pg/mL ∼ 1 ng/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.16 fg/mL. The detection results of related interfering substances, such as L-cysteine, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), proved that the sensor had good selectivity. Then, repeated test results of multiple sensors verified that the aptamer sensors had good reproducibility between sensors. Finally, the practical application of the aptamer sensor was evaluated by a blank spiking method, which demonstrated its great clinical application potential. In summary, our study has provided ideas for the application of MoS₂ composite-based aptamer sensing interfaces for potential precision medicine needs.

作为代表性的过渡金属二硫化物，二硫化钼（MoS ₂）具有独特的电子、光学和机械性能，在生物传感界面的构建中表现出优势。_{在本研究中，我们探索了基于MoS 2}的适配体传感器的构建，并研究了其在血清中前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）的高精度检测中的应用。将羧基修饰的MoS ₂稳定地键合在胺化电极表面作为基底结构，并用生物相容性膜聚多巴胺和PSA适体进一步修饰电极，形成胺化丝网印刷电极/羧化MoS 2 /聚多巴胺（_SPE） -NH ₂ /MoS ₂基于-COOH/PDA)的适配体传感器，实现了0.001 pg/mL ∼ 1 ng/mL PSA的超灵敏检测，检测限(LOD)为0.16 fg/mL。L-半胱氨酸、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、牛血清白蛋白(BSA)等相关干扰物质的检测结果证明该传感器具有良好的选择性。然后，多个传感器的重复测试结果验证了适配体传感器在传感器之间具有良好的重现性。最后，通过空白加标法对适配体传感器的实际应用进行了评价，展示了其巨大的临床应用潜力。_{总之，我们的研究为基于MoS 2}复合材料的适体传感接口的潜在精准医疗需求的应用提供了思路。