Selenium is commonly used as a supplement in the poultry diet and plays an important role in male fertility. However, the effect of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on exosome secretion associated with spermatozoa in the epididymis is largely unknown. H&E staining, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence and Western blot were performed to study the effect of Se-NPs on exosomes secretion associated with sperm maturation in epididymis. The results indicated that the Se-NPs showed a significant contribution to sperm concentration by light microscopy. It was observed that there was an increase in the spermatozoa concentration in the epididymis of the treated group as compared to the control group. Furthermore, exosome secretion, the expression of tumor susceptibility gene-101 (TSG-101) and cluster of differentiation (CD-63) proteins was identified by immunochemistry, immunofluorescence assay, and western blotting. After nano-selenium treatment, the exosome markers TSG-101 and CD-63 were strong positive immunoreactivity and immunosignaling in the lumen followed by epithelial lining of the epididymis. However weak positive immunoreactivity and immunosignaling were seen of TSG-101 and CD63 in the control group. In addition, highly significant protein expression of TSG-101 and CD63 in the treated group as compared to the control group was confirmed by western blotting. In conclusion, the above findings provide rich evidence about the Se-NPs play a dynamic role in exosome secretion that might be essential for sperm motility and maturation within epididymis.

硒通常用作家禽饮食中的补充剂，并且在雄性生育力方面发挥着重要作用。然而，硒纳米颗粒（Se-NPs）对附睾精子相关外泌体分泌的影响尚不清楚。通过 H&E 染色、免疫组织化学、免疫荧光和蛋白质印迹研究 Se-NPs 对附睾精子成熟相关外泌体分泌的影响。结果表明，通过光学显微镜观察，Se-NPs 对精子浓度有显着贡献。观察到与对照组相比，治疗组附睾中的精子浓度有所增加。此外，通过免疫化学、免疫荧光测定和蛋白质印迹法鉴定了外泌体的分泌、肿瘤易感基因101（TSG-101）和分化簇（CD-63）蛋白的表达。纳米硒处理后，外泌体标记物 TSG-101 和 CD-63 在管腔中呈强阳性免疫反应性和免疫信号，随后在附睾上皮内层。然而，对照组中TSG-101和CD63的免疫反应性和免疫信号呈弱阳性。此外，通过蛋白质印迹证实，与对照组相比，治疗组中TSG-101和CD63的蛋白表达高度显着。总之，上述研究结果提供了丰富的证据，证明 Se-NP 在外泌体分泌中发挥着动态作用，这可能对于附睾内精子的运动和成熟至关重要。