Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of infant hospitalization, linked to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV). Guidelines lack specific viral testing for bronchiolitis management. To establish effective management strategies, it is crucial to assess whether specific respiratory virus types are correlated with distinct examination features. Through a systematic search of three databases, 21 studies were qualitatively analyzed, with 18 used for meta-analysis. Various outcomes like wheezing on auscultation, fever, atopic traits, and infection severity were evaluated. RSV-positive bronchiolitis was associated with a higher need for oxygen supplementation (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.04–3.02) in 5 studies, while RV-positive bronchiolitis was more frequently linked to personal history of eczema (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41–0.88) in 6 studies. No significant differences were observed in the other outcomes examined. Bronchiolitis caused by RSV or RV presents with similar clinical features. Despite the associations between RSV-positive bronchiolitis and need for oxygen supplementation, and RV-positive bronchiolitis and a history of eczema, our study shows that viral etiology of bronchiolitis cannot be determined solely based on clinical presentation.

中文翻译：

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呼吸道病毒类型与细支气管炎临床特征的关联：病毒检测策略的意义。系统回顾和荟萃分析

细支气管炎是婴儿住院的主要原因，与呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 和鼻病毒 (RV) 有关。指南缺乏针对细支气管炎治疗的具体病毒检测。为了建立有效的管理策略，评估特定呼吸道病毒类型是否与不同的检查特征相关至关重要。通过对三个数据库的系统检索，对 21 项研究进行了定性分析，其中 18 项用于荟萃分析。评估了各种结果，例如听诊喘息、发烧、特应性特征和感染严重程度。在 5 项研究中，RSV 阳性细支气管炎与较高的吸氧需求相关（OR 1.78，95% CI 1.04–3.02），而 RV 阳性细支气管炎更常与个人湿疹史相关（OR 0.60，95% CI 0.41） –0.88）在 6 项研究中。在检查的其他结果中没有观察到显着差异。 RSV 或 RV 引起的细支气管炎具有相似的临床特征。尽管RSV阳性细支气管炎与需要补充氧气以及RV阳性细支气管炎与湿疹病史之间存在关联，但我们的研究表明，不能仅根据临床表现来确定细支气管炎的病毒病因。