The current study investigated parenting influences on children's understanding of lie-telling in eight different social situations. These social situations clustered into two broad categories that have been assumed in the literature: first, self-oriented lies that were generally told to benefit the self (e.g., to avoid punishment or gain status); and second, socio-culturally-oriented lies that were told for more social reasons (e.g., to create positive affect, maintain modesty or politeness). Two types of parenting variables were also measured. The first concerned more general parenting practices and have been studied in the literature; while the second was about more specific parental deceptive behaviors like lying to your child for their compliance. Participants included 141 Turkish parent-child dyads aged 7, 9, and 11. All children judged the self-oriented and the socio-cultural lies as inappropriate but more so for the self-oriented ones; further, the socio-cultural lies were judged less negatively with age. While general parenting practices did not predict children's judgments, for parental deceptive practices, there were strong negative relationships between parents’ use of threatening lies (e.g., “come with me or I'll leave you here”) and children's judgments for both self- and socio-cultural lie types. The two main conclusions are that specific parental deceptive practices are more relevant than general parenting for understanding children's judgments about lie-telling situations. Second, the assumed categorization of lies into “self-” and “social-” seems generally valid when using a plurality of situations. Finally, some issues related to the morality of lie-telling are discussed.

中文翻译：

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领域-一般或特定：儿童对欺骗的理解如何社会化？

目前的研究调查了父母养育方式对孩子在八种不同的社交场合下说谎的理解的影响。这些社会情境可分为文献中假设的两大类：第一类是自我导向的谎言，通常是为了让自己受益（例如，为了避免惩罚或获得地位）；第二类是自我导向的谎言。其次，以社会文化为导向的谎言，出于更多的社会原因（例如，为了创造积极的影响、保持谦虚或礼貌）而说谎。还测量了两种类型的养育变量。第一个涉及更一般的育儿实践，并已在文献中进行了研究。第二个是关于更具体的父母欺骗行为，例如为了让孩子服从而对孩子撒谎。参与者包括 141 名年龄分别为 7、9 和 11 岁的土耳其亲子情侣。所有孩子都认为以自我为中心的谎言和社会文化谎言是不合适的，但对于以自我为中心的谎言更是如此；此外，随着年龄的增长，人们对社会文化谎言的负面评价也会减少。虽然一般的养育行为并不能预测孩子的判断，但对于父母的欺骗行为，父母使用威胁性谎言（例如，“跟我来，否则我就把你留在这里”）与孩子对自我的判断之间存在很强的负相关关系。和社会文化谎言类型。两个主要结论是，特定的父母欺骗行为比一般的养育方式更能理解孩子对说谎情况的判断。其次，在使用多种情况时，假定的谎言分为“自我”和“社会”似乎通常是有效的。最后，讨论了与说谎道德相关的一些问题。