Purpose of Review

To investigate the neurofunctional correlates of pure auditory agnosia and its varieties (global, verbal, and nonverbal), based on 116 anatomoclinical reports published between 1893 and 2022, with emphasis on hemispheric lateralization, intrahemispheric lesion site, underlying cognitive impairments.

Recent Findings

Pure auditory agnosia is rare, and observations accumulate slowly. Recent patient reports and neuroimaging studies on neurotypical subjects offer insights into the putative mechanisms underlying auditory agnosia, while challenging traditional accounts.

Summary

Global auditory agnosia frequently results from bilateral temporal damage. Verbal auditory agnosia strictly correlates with language-dominant hemisphere lesions. Damage involves the auditory pathways, but the critical lesion site is unclear. Both the auditory cortex and associative areas are reasonable candidates, but cases resulting from brainstem damage are on record. The hemispheric correlates of nonverbal auditory input disorders are less clear. They correlate with unilateral damage to either hemisphere, but evidence is scarce. Based on published cases, pure auditory agnosias are neurologically and functionally heterogeneous. Phenotypes are influenced by co-occurring cognitive impairments. Future studies should start from these facts and integrate patient data and studies in neurotypical individuals.

中文翻译：

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听觉失认症：神经功能证据的简短回顾

审查目的

根据 1893 年至 2022 年间发表的 116 份解剖临床报告，研究纯听觉失认症及其变种（整体、语言和非语言）的神经功能相关性，重点关注半球偏侧化、半球内病变部位、潜在的认知障碍。

最近的发现

纯粹的听觉失认症很少见，观察结果的积累也很缓慢。最近的患者报告和对神经典型受试者的神经影像学研究提供了对听觉失认症潜在机制的见解，同时挑战了传统的说法。

概括

整体听觉失认症常常是由双侧颞叶损伤引起的。言语听觉失认症与语言主导半球病变严格相关。损伤涉及听觉通路，但关键病变部位尚不清楚。听觉皮层和联想区域都是合理的候选区域，但脑干损伤引起的病例也有记录。非语言听觉输入障碍的半球相关性尚不清楚。它们与任一半球的单方面损伤有关，但证据很少。根据已发表的案例，纯粹的听觉失认症在神经学和功能上是异质的。表型受到同时发生的认知障碍的影响。未来的研究应该从这些事实出发，整合患者数据和神经典型个体的研究。