Abstract

The members of the Brassicaceae family are important oilseed, vegetable and forage crops. The Brassicaceae species are also used for phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils, as siderates or ornamental plants. The widening of biodiversity of already existent Brassicaceae cultivars by genetic engineering manipulations can increase tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, increase plant productivity and production quality. Protoplast fusion method makes possible artificial synthesis of various somatic hybrids between different plant species. The review presents advances in protoplast fusion of Brassica crops and their wild relatives; main directions of somatic hybridisation in Brassicaceae; the conditions for obtaining and selection of the somatic hybrids; the peculiarities of genetic material inheritance, introgression of economically important traits by somatic hybridization to cultivated Brassicaceae, resynthesis of allotetraploid species; production of cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) alloplasmic lines, creation of somatic hybrids for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals, and production of transplastomic plants by transfer of genetically modified plastids through protoplast fusion.

中文翻译：

---

十字花科细胞工程的原生质体融合

摘要

十字花科植物是重要的油籽、蔬菜和饲料作物。十字花科物种也被用作重金属污染土壤的植物修复，作为侧酸盐或观赏植物。通过基因工程操作扩大现有十字花科品种的生物多样性可以提高对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性，提高植物生产力和生产质量。原生质体融合方法使得人工合成不同植物物种之间的各种体细胞杂种成为可能。该综述介绍了芸苔属原生质体融合的进展农作物及其野生近缘种；十字花科体细胞杂交的主要方向；获得和选择体细胞杂种的条件；遗传物质遗传的特性、通过与栽培十字花科体细胞杂交实现重要经济性状的基因渗入、异源四倍体物种的再合成；细胞质雄性不育（CMS）异质系的生产，用于重金属污染土壤植物修复的体细胞杂种的创建，以及通过原生质体融合转移转基因质体来生产转质体植物。