Benefitted from the properties of band gaps, elastic metamaterials (EMs) have attracted extensive attention in vibration and noise reduction. However, the width and position of band gaps are fixed once the traditional structures are manufactured. It is difficult to adapt to complex and changeable service conditions. Therefore, research on intelligent tunable band gaps is of great importance and has become a hot issue in EMs. To achieve smart control of band gaps, a design of tunable band gaps in anti-tetrachiral structures based on shape memory alloy (SMA) is proposed in this paper. By governing the phase transition process of SMA, the geometric configuration and material properties of structures can be changed, resulting in tunable band gaps. Therein, the energy band structures and generation mechanism of tunable band gaps in different states are studied, realizing intelligent manipulation of elastic waves. In addition, the influence of different geometric parameters on band gaps is investigated, and the desired bandgap position can be customized, making bandgap control more flexible. In summary, the proposed SMA-based anti-tetrachiral metamaterial provides valuable reference for the application of SMA materials and the development of EMs.

受益于带隙的特性，弹性超材料（EM）在减振降噪方面引起了广泛关注。然而，传统结构一旦制造出来，带隙的宽度和位置是固定的。难以适应复杂多变的使用条件。因此，智能可调带隙的研究具有重要意义，并已成为电磁学领域的热点问题。为了实现带隙的智能控制，本文提出了一种基于形状记忆合金（SMA）的反四手性结构中带隙可调的设计。通过控制 SMA 的相变过程，可以改变结构的几何配置和材料特性，从而产生可调谐的带隙。其中，研究不同状态下的能带结构和可调带隙产生机制，实现弹性波的智能操控。此外，还研究了不同几何参数对带隙的影响，并且可以定制所需的带隙位置，使得带隙控制更加灵活。综上所述，所提出的基于SMA的反四手性超材料为SMA材料的应用和EM的发展提供了有价值的参考。