The trechine beetle fauna (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Ethiopian Highlands is known to be highly diverse in species, and many species groups were recognized to be characterized by unusual character states of external and genital morphology. Earlier authors described several genera and subgenera of Ethiopian Trechina endemic to certain high mountains of the country. However, the relationships of these species groups and their evolutionary history are unknown so far. Here, we present the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Ethiopian Trechina, detect several synonymic names under Trechus sensu lato, and introduce two new species groups to the country’s fauna: the monotypic genus Baehria Schmidt & Faille, gen. nov., with the type species B. separatasp. nov. from Mt. Choke in northern Ethiopia, and the Trechus subgenus Abunetrechus Schmidt & Faille, subgen. nov., with the type species T. bipartitus Raffray, 1885; this subgenus includes three species of northern Ethiopia. We show that the composition of the Ethiopian fauna is based on multiple events of immigration, which started simultaneously with or some million years after the Oligocene-Early Miocene orogenic events north and south of the Rift Valley. Our results support the habitat island hypothesis for the evolution of the Ethiopian highland fauna. We found no evidence for an alternative hypothesis assuming a close connection of the Trechina immigration to Ethiopia and Pleistocene cooling. We, thus, conclude that the geomorphological development rather than the climatic changes are the main drivers of the diversification of the high-altitude Trechina fauna in Ethiopia.

中文翻译：

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爆炸辐射与旧遗迹：埃塞俄比亚Trechini的复杂历史，以及新属和新亚属（鞘翅目、步甲科、Trechini）的描述

 众所周知，埃塞俄比亚高地的旋甲虫动物群（鞘翅目、步甲科）在物种上高度多样化，并且许多物种组被认为具有外部和生殖器形态的不寻常特征状态。早期作者描述了该国某些高山特有的埃塞俄比亚Trechina的几个属和亚属。然而，这些物种群体之间的关系及其进化历史迄今为止尚不清楚。在这里，我们首次对埃塞俄比亚 Trechina 进行了分子系统发育分析，检测了 Trechus sensu lato 下的几个同义名称，并向该国动物群引入了两个新物种组：单型属 Baehria Schmidt & Faille, gen. 11 月，模式种 B. separatasp。十一月 来自埃塞俄比亚北部的乔克山，和 Trechus 亚属 Abunetrechus Schmidt & Faille, subgen. 11 月，模式种 T. bipartitus Raffray，1885；该亚属包括埃塞俄比亚北部的三个物种。我们表明，埃塞俄比亚动物群的组成是基于多个移民事件，这些事件与裂谷北部和南部的渐新世-早中新世造山事件同时开始或在几百万年后开始。我们的结果支持埃塞俄比亚高原动物群进化的栖息地岛假说。我们没有发现任何证据支持另一种假设，假设特雷奇纳移民到埃塞俄比亚和更新世冷却之间存在密切联系。因此，我们得出结论，地貌发展而不是气候变化是埃塞俄比亚高海拔特雷奇纳动物群多样化的主要驱动力。